Madecassic acid, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, has anti-inflammatory properties by iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 inhibition via the downregulation of NF-kappaB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
Madecassic acid/羟基积雪草酸 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
Escherichia coli
250 µg/mL
Inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli
Molecules. 2023 Feb 16;28(4):1895
A431 cells
20 μM
24 hours
MA inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and enhanced the anticancer effect of DOX.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Oct 7;20(14):5396-5414
HepG2 cells
20 μM
24 hours
MA inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and enhanced the anticancer effect of DOX.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Oct 7;20(14):5396-5414
MCF-7 cells
20 μM
24 hours
MA inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and enhanced the anticancer effect of DOX.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Oct 7;20(14):5396-5414
NMVMs
5 μM
24 hours
MA pretreatment attenuated the DOX-induced decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced mitochondrial fission, and maintained the number and morphology of the mitochondria.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Oct 7;20(14):5396-5414
H9c2 cells
5 μM
24 hours
MA pretreatment significantly attenuated DOX-induced cardiomyocyte injury and cell death, inhibited ROS accumulation and MDA production.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Oct 7;20(14):5396-5414
γδT17 cells
1, 3, 10 μM
72 hours
Inhibited the activation of γδT17 cells and reduced IL-17A expression
Cell Death Dis. 2020 Sep 14;11(9):752
RAW264.7 macrophages
10 µM
18 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of madecassic acid against LPS-induced oxidative stress. Results showed that madecassic acid significantly reduced NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 production.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Apr 18;13(4):483
EA.hy926 endothelial cells
2.5 µM
2 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of madecassic acid against H2O2-induced endothelial cell damage. Results showed that madecassic acid significantly increased cell viability, reduced ROS production, and restored GSH levels.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Apr 18;13(4):483
HepG2 hepatocytes
5 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of madecassic acid against TBHP-induced hepatocyte damage. Results showed that madecassic acid significantly increased cell viability, reduced ROS production, and decreased ALT and AST levels.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Apr 18;13(4):483
Hs68 human skin fibroblasts
10 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of madecassic acid against UVB-induced oxidative stress. Results showed that madecassic acid significantly increased cell viability, reduced ROS and MDA production, and restored GSH levels.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Apr 18;13(4):483
Bacillus megaterium
62.5 µg/mL
Inhibit the growth of Bacillus megaterium
Molecules. 2023 Feb 16;28(4):1895
Bacillus subtilis
62.5 µg/mL
Inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis
Molecules. 2023 Feb 16;28(4):1895
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
125 µg/mL
Inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Molecules. 2023 Feb 16;28(4):1895
NIH 3T3 (non-malignant fibroblasts)
>30 µM
72 hours
Evaluation of cytotoxicity, results showed low cytotoxicity
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 14;23(8):4362
A2780 (ovarian carcinoma)
>30 µM
72 hours
Evaluation of cytotoxicity, results showed low cytotoxicity
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 14;23(8):4362
MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma)
>30 µM
72 hours
Evaluation of cytotoxicity, results showed low cytotoxicity
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 14;23(8):4362
HT29 (colorectal carcinoma)
>30 µM
72 hours
Evaluation of cytotoxicity, results showed low cytotoxicity
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 14;23(8):4362
A375 (melanoma)
>30 µM
72 hours
Evaluation of cytotoxicity, results showed low cytotoxicity
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 14;23(8):4362
IL-1β-induced rat primary chondrocytes
10 µM
48 hours
MA protected chondrocytes against ECM degradation by upregulating collagen-II and ACAN expression and downregulating MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022 Nov 1;16:3793-3804
Rat primary chondrocytes
10 µM
48 hours
Assessed the effect of MA on chondrocyte viability, finding that 10 µM MA significantly increased chondrocyte viability.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022 Nov 1;16:3793-3804
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
62.5 µg/mL
Inhibit the growth of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Molecules. 2023 Feb 16;28(4):1895
Staphylococcus aureus
31.25 µg/mL
28 hours
Inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus
Molecules. 2023 Feb 16;28(4):1895
human liver microsomes
0.12 µM
Evaluation of reversible inhibition of CYP2C9 by CAW-R61J, IC50 of 330 mg/ml
Drug Metab Dispos. 2020 Oct;48(10):1053-1063
EL-4 mouse lymphoma cells
1, 3, 10 μM
24 hours
Madecassic acid promoted the expression of PPARγ-responsive genes CD36 and LPL, indicating its role as a PPARγ agonist.
Cell Death Dis. 2017 Mar 30;8(3):e2723
Mouse CD4+ T cells
3, 10 μM
4 days
Madecassic acid reduced the percentage of CD4+IL-17+ T cells and increased the percentage of CD4+Foxp3+ T cells under Th17-polarizing conditions, indicating it promoted the shift of Th17 toward Treg cells.
Cell Death Dis. 2017 Mar 30;8(3):e2723
Madecassic acid/羟基积雪草酸 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6J male mice
DOX-induced acute heart failure mouse model
Gavage
25 mg/kg/day
Daily for 12 days
MA pretreatment significantly attenuated DOX-induced myocardial injury, improved cardiac function, and inhibited myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory response.
Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Oct 7;20(14):5396-5414
Female C57BL/6 mice
DSS-induced colitis model
Oral
25 mg/kg/day
Once daily for 10 days
Reduced the number of γδT17 cells and attenuated colon inflammation
OA model induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)
Intra-articular injection
1 mg/kg
Daily for one week, then once every three days for three weeks
MA inhibited cartilage matrix degradation and delayed cartilage surface degeneration, slowing OA progression.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022 Nov 1;16:3793-3804
C57BL/6 mice
DSS-induced colitis model
Oral
12.5, 25 mg/kg
Consecutive 10 days
Madecassic acid alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice by restoring the Th17/Treg balance, decreasing the percentage of Th17 cells and increasing the percentage of Treg cells.
Cell Death Dis. 2017 Mar 30;8(3):e2723
ICR mice
Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model
Oral
10, 20 mg/kg
Once daily for 21 days
To evaluate the effect of madecassic acid on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Results showed that madecassic acid had no significant effect on pulmonary fibrosis.
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