There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) is a potent blocker of Voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs). It is noted for its antiepileptic properties and its ability to reduce breast tumor growth and metastasis in mice[1].[2].
体内研究
In a specific study, Phenytoin (60 mg/kg; daily; for 28 days) was shown to decrease tumor growth in six-week-old female Rag2-/- Il2rg-/- mice implanted with MDA-MB-231 cells[1].
体外研究
As an antiepileptic medication, Phenytoin is effective in managing partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, although it is not suitable for primary generalized seizures such as absence seizures or myoclonic seizures. Its mechanism involves a voltage-dependent blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels, which helps to prevent seizure activity[2].
Phenytoin exhibits low affinity for sodium channels that are in a resting state at hyperpolarized membrane potentials[3].
Phenytoin/苯妥英 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Sprague-Dawley rats
Chronic mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) model
Intraperitoneal injection
75 mg/kg
4 sessions, each with a 3-4 day interval, over 2 weeks
To assess the potential of focused ultrasound (FUS) to enhance the anti-epileptic effects of phenytoin. Results demonstrated that FUS combined with phenytoin significantly reduced the number and mean duration of ictal events without damaging brain tissue or the blood-brain barrier.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 13;13(1):4128
Phenytoin/苯妥英 动物研究
Animal study
牙龈增生模型[4]
动物：BALB/cByJ小鼠，雄性，8周龄
给药：30 mg /kg，微渗透泵，0.5 μ L /h，2周。
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