Ginsenoside Rg3, a naturally occurring phytochemical, plays an important role in the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis, as well as the promotion of immunity[3]. Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) is one of the key components of a frequently used herbal tonic panax ginseng for fatigue treatment. In the open field test, Rg3 significantly increased the journey distance and rearing frequency, while slowed down the rest time. Rg3 could improve exercise performance and resist fatigue possibly through elevating SIRT1 (silent information regulator of transcription 1) deacetylase activity[4]. Ginsenoside Rg3 could attenuate (lipopolysaccharide) LPS-induced ALI (Acute lung injury) by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines[5]. Moreover, ginsenoside Rg3 suppresses angiogenesis in developing endometrial lesions. The ginsenoside Rg3 inhibitory effect on the growth of the ectopic endometrium in EMs rats might occur through the blocking of the VEGFR-2-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, thus halting angiogenesis and promoting the apoptosis of ectopic endometrial cells[6].
20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3/(S型)人参皂苷Rg3 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs)
5, 10, 20 μM
48 h
To investigate the inhibitory effect of Rg3 on TGF-β1-induced CFs proliferation, results showed that Rg3 dose-dependently inhibited CFs proliferation.
J Ginseng Res. 2023 Nov;47(6):743-754
20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3/(S型)人参皂苷Rg3 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6 mice
LAD coronary artery ligation-induced MI model
Intragastric administration
20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg
Once daily for 4 weeks
To investigate the protective effect of Rg3 on myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function, results showed that Rg3 dose-dependently improved cardiac function and inhibited collagen deposition.
J Ginseng Res. 2023 Nov;47(6):743-754
Wistar rats
Alcohol GU model, pylorus-ligated GU model, acetic acid GU model
Intragastric administration
20 mg/kg
Once daily for 7 days
To evaluate the treatment efficacy of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 on gastric ulcer. The results showed that 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 significantly decreased the UI scores and UI ratios in all three GU models, and demonstrated antiulcer effects by decreasing ET-1 and NOS2 levels and increasing NO, superoxide dismutase, EGF, and epidermal growth factor receptor levels. In addition, high-dose 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 showed satisfactory gastric mucosa protection effects.
J Ginseng Res. 2019 Oct;43(4):550-561
BALB/c mice
Lethal HVJ infection model
Oral
1 mg/mouse
Once daily for 3, 2, and 1 day before infection
20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 showed partial protection against HVJ infection
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