Cornuside, a natural product isolated and purified from the fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities, suppresses expression levels of cytokine-induced proinflammatory and adhesion molecules in the human endothelial cells, treats myocardial I/R and protect the liver from CCl₄-induced acute hepatotoxicity, by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammatory responses, and has protective potential against cerebral ischemic injury, may be due to the suppression of intracellular Ca(2+) elevation and caspase-3 activity, and improvements in mitochondrial energy metabolism and antioxidant properties.
Cornuside/山茱萸新苷 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
1, 2, 5, 10, or 20 μM
16 h
CN inhibited LPS-induced HMGB1 release and reduced the expression of HMGB1 receptor proteins (TLR2, TLR4, and RAGE).
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 13;23(4):2065
C6 cells
10 µM
24 h
Cornuside regulates MCM-induced A1/A2 phenotypic switch of C6 cells via AKT/Nrf2/NF-κB pathway
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 3;14(15):3179
Bone mesenchymal stem cells
10, 30, 60 μM
Cornuside I significantly promoted BMSC proliferation, with the optimal dose being 30 μM. Cornuside I dose-dependently increased ALP activity and calcium deposition, and significantly upregulated the expression of RUNX2, OSX, and OCN.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Jun 21;16(1):397
BV2 cells
10 and 30 µM
24 h
Cornuside inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent cytokine release, also protected neurons from damaging factors in microenvironment of conditional culture.
Alzheimers Res Ther. 2025 Feb 19;17(1):47
Cornuside/山茱萸新苷 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Male Balb/c mice
PM2.5-induced lung injury model
Tail vein injection
0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 mg/kg
Single dose, evaluated after 24 hours
To evaluate the protective effects of Cornuside on PM2.5-induced lung injury, results showed that Cornuside reduced pulmonary edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and inflammatory cytokine levels, and alleviated lung injury by inhibiting TLR4-MyD88 and mTOR-autophagy pathways.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 4;24(5):4979
Male C57BL/6 mice
Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model
Intravenous injection
0.08, 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg/kg
Injected at 12 h and 50 h after CLP surgery, lasting for 132 h
CN significantly improved the survival rate of CLP-induced septic mice, alleviated lung tissue pathological damage, and reduced the levels of liver and kidney injury markers (ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine, and LDH).
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 13;23(4):2065
3×Tg-AD mice
Alzheimer's disease model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg
Once daily for 4 weeks
Cornuside significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits, reduced amyloid plaque pathology, inhibited Tau phosphorylation, repaired synaptic damage, and modulated astrocyte A1/A2 phenotypes in 3×Tg-AD mice
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 3;14(15):3179
Lewis rats
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model
Gavage
150 mg/kg
Once daily for two weeks
Cornuside can alleviate symptoms of EAE neurological deficits through its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, and Th17 cells may be one of its therapeutic targets.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2021 May 15;22(5):421-430
ICR mice
Aβ1−42-induced Alzheimer's disease model
Intragastric administration
3, 10, 30 mg/kg
Once daily for 2 weeks
Cornuside significantly ameliorated behavioral deficits, protected synaptic plasticity and relieved neuronal damage in Aβ1?42 induced mice, and decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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