Trigonelline, a natural product isolated and purified from the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. with phytoestrogenic and antitumor effects, inhibits the adipogenesis by its influences on the expression PPARγ, which leads to subsequent down regulation of PPAR-γ mediated pathway during adipogenesis.
Trigonelline/葫芦巴碱 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
HepG2 and C2C12 cells
1 mM
24 hours
Trigonelline did not increase NAD+ levels in cells with low NAPRT expression, indicating NAPRT dependency.
Nat Metab. 2024 Mar;6(3):433-447
Primary myotubes from aged mice
1 mM
24 hours
Trigonelline increased NAD+ levels in aged mouse primary myotubes, indicating its efficacy across species.
Nat Metab. 2024 Mar;6(3):433-447
HSMMs (Primary human skeletal muscle myotubes)
315 µM (EC50)
24 hours
Trigonelline increased NAD+ levels in control cells and rescued NAD+ deficiency in FK866-treated cells, demonstrating its role as an NAD+ precursor.
Nat Metab. 2024 Mar;6(3):433-447
Cisplatin-resistant head and neck cancer cells (HN3-cisR, HN4-cisR, HN9-cisR)
To investigate the inducing effect of trigonelline on trc gene expression, results showed that trigonelline is a specific inducer of trc genes.
Plant Cell. 1990 Dec;2(12):1157-1170
Head and neck cancer cells (HN3, HN4, HN9)
1–100 µM
72 hours
Trigonelline reversed the ferroptosis resistance of Keap1-silenced and cisplatin-resistant HNC cells to artesunate
Redox Biol. 2017 Apr;11:254-262
Trigonelline/葫芦巴碱 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6JRj mice
Aged mice (20 months)
Oral gavage or dietary supplementation
300 mg/kg
Acute: 2 h or 16 h; Chronic: 5 days or 12 weeks
Trigonelline increased NAD+ levels in liver, muscle, kidney, and blood, improved mitochondrial function, and enhanced muscle strength and fatigue resistance in aged mice.
Nat Metab. 2024 Mar;6(3):433-447
BALB/c nude mice
Head and neck cancer xenograft model
Oral
50 mg/kg
Daily, until treatment duration
Trigonelline significantly inhibited in vivo tumor growth and reduced GSH levels in tumors
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