There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR and STAT3 signaling pathways
Mol Cancer Res. 2018 Feb;16(2):256-268
Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages
10-50 µM
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS or LPS/ATP treatment
Suppressed the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β
Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 11;12:652860
J774A.1 cells
20 and 40 µM
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS treatment for 2 hours
Inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK, did not affect the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK
Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 11;12:652860
Murine peritoneal macrophages
10-50 µM
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS treatment for 24 hours
Inhibited the production of NO and IL-6, varied effects on TNF-α depending on concentration
Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 11;12:652860
J774A.1 cells
10-50 µM
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS treatment for 24 hours
Suppressed the production of IL-6, increased TNF-α production at high doses
Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 11;12:652860
J774A.1 cells
10-50 µM
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS treatment for 24 hours
Inhibited the production of NO, IL-6, and PGE2, suppressed the expression of iNOS and COX-2
Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 11;12:652860
J774A.1 cells
0-50 µM
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS/ATP or LPS/nigericin treatment
Suppressed the secretion of IL-1β, inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome
Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 11;12:652860
Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells
1 µM
24 hours
To investigate the effect of MSC on apoptosis in Clu-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells. Results showed that 1 μM MSC could reverse the decrease in antioxidative capacity, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and increase in caspase-8 activity caused by Clu-knockdown, thereby inhibiting apoptosis and maintaining cell viability.
Invest New Drugs. 2022 Apr;40(2):224-231
Mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells
1 µM
24 hours
To investigate the effect of MSC on apoptosis in Clu-knockdown N2a cells. Results showed that 1 μM MSC could reverse the decrease in antioxidative capacity, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and increase in caspase-8 activity caused by Clu-knockdown, thereby inhibiting apoptosis and maintaining cell viability.
Invest New Drugs. 2022 Apr;40(2):224-231
Primary microglial cells
1, 3, or 10 μg/ml
24 hours
Zerumbone significantly reduced the production of IL-1β and TNF-α while increasing IL-10 production, and dose-dependently increased the mRNA levels of CD206, IL-10, and ARG-1, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory effects and ability to promote an anti-inflammatory phenotype in primary microglial cells.
J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Feb 17;17(1):61
N9 microglial cell line
1, 3, or 10 μg/ml
24 hours
Zerumbone significantly suppressed NO production and dose-dependently decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α, while increasing the mRNA levels of CD206, IL-10, and ARG-1, indicating its anti-inflammatory effects and ability to promote a switch in microglial phenotype from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory.
J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Feb 17;17(1):61
U87MG cells
10-50 µM
24 hours
Zerumbone decreased the viability of U87MG cells in a dose-dependent manner.
J Biomed Sci. 2012 Oct 5;19(1):86
GBM8401 cells
10-50 µM
24 hours
Zerumbone induced apoptosis in GBM8401 cells in a dose-dependent manner, confirmed by MTT assay and flow cytometry.
J Biomed Sci. 2012 Oct 5;19(1):86
SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
8 mg/ml
24 hours
To investigate the effect of Zerumbone on the expression of α2A-adrenergic, TRPV1, and NMDA NR2B receptors in LPS-induced SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Results showed that Zerumbone significantly increased the expression of α2A-adrenergic receptors while down-regulating TRPV1 and NMDA NR2B receptors.
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 4;11:92
HCT116 colon cancer cells
5, 10, 20 µM
24 hours
To investigate the inhibitory effect of Zerumbone on the proliferation of HCT116 cells and its association with TNF-α. Results showed that with increasing concentration of Zerumbone, there was a reduction in HCT116 cell proliferation and higher TNF-α inhibition.
Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 6;8(1):4090
L929 cells
30.5 ± 1.5 µM (IC50)
24 hours
To assess the toxicity of Zerumbone on normal L929 cells, results showed lower toxicity in normal cells.
Cell Prolif. 2019 Mar;52(2):e12558
HeLa cells
14.2 ± 0.5 µM (IC50)
24 hours
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Zerumbone on HeLa cell proliferation, results showed selective inhibition through enhanced cellular uptake.
Cell Prolif. 2019 Mar;52(2):e12558
FaDu cells
10, 30, 100 µM
24 hours (apoptosis assay), 48 hours (qPCR, Western blot, ELISA analyses), 14 days (plate clone formation assay)
Tilianin inhibited FaDu cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. It upregulated pro-apoptotic factors Bax and Bad, downregulated anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, activated caspase-3 and PARP, and stimulated cytochrome c release, thereby inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrion-dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 19;14(24):5402
Helicobacter pylori 60190
6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 µM
3 days
Determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Zerumbone, which was 50 µM in agar dilution and 100 µM in broth dilution
Molecules. 2021 May 1;26(9):2663
HT29/C1 cells
6.25 µM
3 hours
Suppressed BFT-induced NF-κB signaling and IL-8 secretion but did not affect E-cadherin cleavage.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Sep 14;20(18):4560
Candida albicans (CaR)
128 µg/mL
5, 10, 20 min
To assess the effect of Zerumbone on fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans biofilms. Results showed that ZER at 128 µg/mL reduced cellular viability by approximately 36.99% and decreased insoluble biomass (13%), proteins (18%), water-soluble polysaccharides (65%), alkali-soluble polysaccharides (10%), and extracellular DNA (23%) in CaR biofilms.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 May 16;9(5):576
Candida albicans (CaS)
256 µg/mL
5, 10, 20 min
To assess the effect of Zerumbone on fluconazole-susceptible Candida albicans biofilms. Results showed that ZER at 256 µg/mL reduced cellular viability by approximately 38.51% and decreased total biomass (57%), insoluble biomass (45%), water-soluble polysaccharides (65%), proteins (18%), and extracellular DNA (78%) in CaS biofilms.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 May 16;9(5):576
RAW 264.7 cells
2.5~20 µM
6 hours
Zerumbone inhibited iNOS and COX-2 protein expressions and reduced NO and PGE2 production, while inducing HO-1 expression.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Feb 18;17(2):249
HepG2
14 µM
72 hours
Inhibited HCC cell proliferation by G2/M phase arrest and inducing apoptosis
Mol Cancer Res. 2018 Feb;16(2):256-268
Zerumbone/球姜酮 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
ICR mice
Chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg
Single administration, behavioral tests conducted 30 minutes after administration
To investigate the anti-allodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of Zerumbone in the CCI-induced neuropathic pain model and its mechanisms. Results showed that Zerumbone exerted anti-neuropathic effects by modulating α1-, α2-, β1-, and β2-adrenoceptors as well as TRPV1 and NMDA NR2B receptors.
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 4;11:92
ICR mice
Chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg
Single administration, behavioral tests conducted 30 minutes post-administration
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying zerumbone’s antineuropathic actions via cannabinoid and PPAR receptors. Results showed that zerumbone exerts anti-allodynic and antihyperalgesic effects against mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia through CB1, PPARα, and PPARγ receptors.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 24;26(13):3849
Male ICR mice
Chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg
Single administration, tests performed 30 minutes post-administration
To investigate the analgesic effects of Zerumbone via potassium channels and opioid receptors in CCI-induced neuropathic pain. Results showed that Zerumbone significantly alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia.
Molecules. 2020 Aug 26;25(17):3880
ICR mice
Acetic acid-induced writhing response model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 or 50 mg/kg
Single dose
Zerumbone significantly reduced the number of acetic acid-induced writhing responses.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Feb 18;17(2):249
Male albino mice
ZEA-induced hepatotoxicity model
Oral gavage
15 mg/kg
Once daily for 4 weeks
ZER exhibited a protective effect against ZEA-induced toxicity by ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. ZER decreased the levels of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum and attenuated the inflammatory response by significantly reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Additionally, ZER reduced the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT). ZER also alleviated ZEA-induced apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 12;10(10):1593
NSG mice
Subcutaneous and orthotopic HCC xenograft models
Intraperitoneal injection
20 mg/kg/day
Once daily for 3 weeks
Suppressed HCC xenograft growth and lung metastasis
Mol Cancer Res. 2018 Feb;16(2):256-268
APP/PS1 transgenic mice
Alzheimer's disease model
Oral gavage
25 mg/kg
Once daily for 20 days
Zerumbone significantly ameliorated deficits in both non-cognitive and cognitive behaviors in transgenic APP/PS1 mice, reduced β-amyloid deposition, attenuated pro-inflammatory microglial activation in the cortex and hippocampus, and increased the proportion of anti-inflammatory microglia. Additionally, zerumbone downregulated the expression of key MAPK pathway molecules such as p38 and ERK.
J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Feb 17;17(1):61
Wistar albino rats
Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model
Oral
25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg
Once daily for 20 days
To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Zerumbone on collagen-induced arthritis. Results showed that Zerumbone significantly reduced the clinical severity of arthritis, decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels, and restored normal histology in joints and tissues.
ACS Omega. 2023 Jan 10;8(3):2982-2991
C57BL/6 mice
ETBF infection-induced colitis model
Oral
30 or 60 mg/kg
Once daily for 7 days
Zerumbone reduced ETBF-induced colonic inflammation, prevented weight loss and splenomegaly, reduced colonic inflammation with decreased macrophage infiltration, and decreased expression of IL-17A, TNF-α, KC, and iNOS, while inhibiting NF-κB signaling.
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