Aristolactam I是一种马兜铃酸I的主要代谢产物，直接作用于肾近端小管细胞，导致细胞毒性和肾损伤，其毒性效力高于AA-I，主要通过caspase-3依赖性细胞凋亡途径介导。

Z-VAD(OMe)-FMK is a cell-permeable, irreversible broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, blocks all features of apoptosis.

Sesamolin is a furofuran lignan extracted from sesame seeds, which has beneficial physiological properties such as antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory activities. It was also found to inhibit lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney.

PARP-1-IN-2是一种可透过血脑屏障的 PARP1 抑制剂，IC₅₀ 值为 149 nM，显示出对人肺腺癌上皮细胞系 A549 的显著抗增殖活性。该化合物可诱导 A549 细胞凋亡，适用于癌症研究，尤其在 PARP 介导的 DNA 修复途径相关研究中有重要应用。

GRI977143是一种特异性 LPA2 受体激动剂，EC50 为 3.3 μM。

Azoramide is a modulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) with antidiabetic activity.

Boc-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethyl ketone是一种广泛的 caspase 抑制剂，可抑制 Fas 介导的吞噬作用和氧化破裂抑制，但不影响 IL-8 的趋化活性。该化合物在研究细胞凋亡及相关免疫反应中具有潜在应用价值。

Raptinal 直接激活 caspase-3，启动 caspase 依赖的内在凋亡途径。Raptinal 可以通过直接激活效应 caspase-3 快速诱导癌细胞死亡，绕过 initiator caspase-8 和 caspase-9 的激活。

Ac-DEVD-CHO是一种特异性的Caspase-3抑制剂，Ki值为230 pM。

Alisol B is a natural product isolated and purified from the tubers of Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. for bone disorders by targeting the differentiation of osteoclasts as well as their functions.

Ivachtin (Caspase-3 Inhibitor VII；化合物 7a)是一种非肽、非竞争性和可逆的 caspase-3 抑制剂，IC50 为 23 nM，对其他胱天蛋白酶有一定选择性。

Emricasan（PF 03491390）是一种口服活性且不可逆的泛胱天蛋白酶抑制剂，可抑制寨卡病毒（ZIKV）引起的胱天蛋白酶-3活性增加并保护人类皮质神经祖细胞。

CASP3 Activator 1541 is an activator of procaspase-3.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M), a lectin extract from the red kidney bean and a standard T cell mitogen, as an inhibitor of both T- and B-cell tumors. Phytohemagglutinin can inhibit incorporation of 3H-thymidine and mediate apoptosis of B- and T-cell tumor lines. Anti-tumor activity .

AS101 is a potent Caspase-1 inhibitor which can inhibit IL-10 synthesis and potentiates IL-1α, IL-2 and TNF-α release through Caspase, performing as an immunomodulator.

Z-IETD-FMK is a specific Caspase-8 inhibitor.

Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium hydrate (Sodium taurodeoxycholate monohydrate) prevents apoptosis by blocking a calcium-mediated apoptotic pathway as well as caspase-12 activation. Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium hydrate is investigated for use in several conditions such as Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), insulin resistance, amyloidosis, Cystic Fibrosis, Cholestasis, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Z-DEVD-FMK (1–200 μM) inhibits D4-GDI cleavage and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.

Dihydrocapsaicin, a natural product isolated and purified from the fruits of Capsicum annuum L..

AVN-944 is a selective, noncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme directed against human IMPDH with Ki of 6-10 nM for IMPDH1/IMPDH2.