Peiminine is an alkaloid extracted from the bulb of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq that reportedly has anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. Peiminine downregulated the levels of specific genes and proteins in vitro and consequently suppressed OC (Osteoclasts) differentiation and function[2]. Peiminine inhibits lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in a rat model of bleomycin-induced lung injury, by reducing circulating IFN-γ levels and inhibiting signal transduction pathways involving TGF-β, CTGF, ERK1/2, NF-κB and FasL[3]. Peiminine induced G0/G1-phase arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy in human osteosarcoma cells via the ROS/JNK signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo[4]. Peiminine (1, 3, or 5 mg/kg) could reduce the W/D ratio and the MPO activity significantly. Furthermore, the histopathological changes and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were inhibited after the peiminine treatment. In vitro, peiminine significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-8 production in A549 lung epithelial cells[5]. Peiminine suppressed the development of CRC through inhibiting the viability, colony formation and metastasis of CRC (Colorectal cancer) cells via LINC00659/miR-760 axis[6].
Peiminine/贝母素乙 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
Mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs)
30, 50, 70 μg/mL
1 hour pretreatment followed by 4 hours LPS stimulation
To evaluate the effect of Peiminine on cell viability and LPS-induced inflammatory response. Results showed Peiminine did not affect cell viability and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2).
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 6;19(9):2637
BV-2 cells
10, 25 or 50 μg/mL
1 hour pretreatment followed by LPS stimulation for 4 hours
To evaluate the effect of Peiminine on LPS-induced inflammatory response. Peiminine significantly reduced LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA and decreased the secretion of these cytokines.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 12;19(3):821
SH-SY5Y cells
1 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of PMN on SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 6-OHDA and overexpressing α-synuclein. Results showed that PMN pretreatment significantly reduced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis and improved α-synuclein accumulation.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 23;22(19):10240
H1299 NSCLC cells
6 µM, 12 µM, 25 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the effect of Peiminine on H1299 cell viability, results showed that Peiminine inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 97.4 µM.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 9;26(8):3506
Saos-2 cells
0-400 µM
24, 48, 72 hours
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Peiminine on osteosarcoma cell proliferation. Results showed that Peiminine significantly inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 12;12:770846
MG-63 cells
0-400 µM
24, 48, 72 hours
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Peiminine on osteosarcoma cell proliferation. Results showed that Peiminine significantly inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 12;12:770846
RAW264.7 cells
60 µM, 120 µM
30 min pretreatment followed by 6 hours exposure to C. acnes
30 min pretreatment followed by 6 hours exposure to C. acnes
Inhibits C. acnes-induced inflammatory responses, including reduced mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (pro-IL-1β, COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α) and NO production
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jan 22;13(1):131
Bone marrow monocytes (BMMs)
1, 2.5, 5, 10 mM
6 days
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Peiminine on osteoclast differentiation. Results showed that Peiminine dose-dependently reduced the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and significantly suppressed osteoclast formation and fusion.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Sep 24;12:736863
Bone marrow monocytes (BMMs)
1, 2.5, 5, 10 µM
6 days
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Peiminine on osteoclast differentiation. Results showed that Peiminine dose-dependently reduced the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and inhibited cell fusion.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Sep 24;12:736863
Human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs)
10 µM
different time points
PEI significantly increased the phosphorylation level of MLC2S19
Treatment started from L1 stage and continued until adulthood
To evaluate the protective effect of PMN on 6-OHDA-induced DA neuron degeneration and α-synuclein accumulation. Results showed that PMN pretreatment significantly reduced DA neuron degeneration, improved food-sensing behavior defects, and extended lifespan. Additionally, PMN reduced the accumulation of α-synuclein.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 23;22(19):10240
Caenorhabditis elegans
6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease model
Added to the culture medium
0.25 mM
From L1 stage to adult stage
To evaluate the protective effect of PMN against 6-OHDA-induced DA neuron degeneration and α-synuclein accumulation. PMN pretreatment significantly reduced DA neuron degeneration, improved food-sensing behavior defects, and prolonged lifespan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 23;22(19):10240
BALB/c mice
LPS-induced mastitis model
Intraperitoneal injection
1, 3, 5 mg/kg
Administered 1 h before and 12 h after LPS injection
To investigate the protective effect of Peiminine against LPS-induced mastitis. Results demonstrated Peiminine significantly alleviated mammary gland histopathological damage, reduced MPO activity and pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS), and suppressed phosphorylation of AKT/NF-κB, ERK1/2, and p38 signaling pathways.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 6;19(9):2637
BALB/c mice
LPS-induced mastitis model
Intraperitoneal injection
1, 3, or 5 mg/kg
Administered 1 h before and 12 h after LPS injection
To investigate the protective effect of Peiminine on LPS-induced mastitis. Results showed that Peiminine significantly alleviated histopathological damage in mammary tissues, reduced MPO activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS) production, and exerted anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the AKT/NF-κB, ERK1/2, and p38 signaling pathways.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 6;19(9):2637
Wistar rats
LPS-induced Parkinson's disease model
Intraperitoneal injection
1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day
Once daily for 28 days
To evaluate the protective effects of Peiminine on LPS-induced behavioral dysfunction, microglial activation, and dopaminergic neuron loss. Peiminine significantly improved behavioral dysfunction, inhibited microglial activation, and reduced dopaminergic neuron loss.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 12;19(3):821
Wistar rats
LPS-induced Parkinson's disease model
Intraperitoneal injection
1.0, 2.5, 5.0 mg/kg/day
Once daily for 28 days
To evaluate the effect of Peiminine on LPS-induced behavioral dysfunction, microglial activation, and dopaminergic neuron loss. Peiminine significantly improved behavioral dysfunction, inhibited microglial activation, and reduced dopaminergic neuron loss.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 12;19(3):821
C57BL/6 mice
Ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg
Every 2 days for 6 weeks
To evaluate the alleviating effect of Peiminine on osteoporosis in vivo. Results showed that Peiminine significantly alleviated bone loss in ovariectomized mice, increased bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N) and thickness (Tb.Th), and reduced trabecular separation (Tb.Sp).
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Sep 24;12:736863
BALB/c nude mice
Osteosarcoma xenograft model
Intraperitoneal injection
2 mg/kg
Every other day for 21 days
To evaluate the antitumor effects of Peiminine in vivo. Results showed that Peiminine significantly inhibited xenograft tumor growth.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 12;12:770846
BALB/c nude mice
Osteosarcoma xenograft model
Intraperitoneal injection
2 mg/kg
Every other day for 7 doses (21 days)
To evaluate the antitumor effects of Peiminine in vivo. The results showed that Peiminine significantly inhibited xenograft tumor growth and did not cause major organ-related toxicity.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 12;12:770846
BALB/c mice
C. acnes-induced mouse acne model
Ear injection
5 mg/kg
Single dose, evaluated after 24 h
Alleviates C. acnes-induced skin inflammation, reduces ear thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration, and inhibits the expression of inflammatory markers (IL-6, TSLP, COX-2, TNF-α, pro-IL-1β, NLRP3)
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jan 22;13(1):131
BALB/c mice
C. acnes-induced mouse acne model
Ear injection
5 mg/kg
Single dose, evaluated after 24 h
Peiminine alleviated C. acnes-induced ear inflammation, including reduced erythema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and ear thickness, and decreased mRNA levels of IL-6, TSLP, COX-2, TNF-α, pro-IL-1β, and NLRP3.
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