There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Microtubules are the main constituent of mitotic apparatus in all eukaryotic cells, thus make it become an important pharmacological target for the treatment of tumor[1]. Paclitaxel can stabilize the microtubule formation through interacting with β-tubulin[2] and then promoting the polymerization and assembly of it[3]. Paclitaxel show the inhibitory effect on HMVEC proliferation with IC50 of 0.1 pM, much lower than the IC50 of 5-FU, camptothecin, cisplatin and doxorubicin[4]. Paclitaxel induces G2/M arrest of cell cycle, thus it also used in synchronization in cell cycle[5]. Paclitaxel was approved by FDA in treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer[6], etc..
作用机制
Paclitaxel can stabilize the microtubule formation through interacting with β-tubulin[2] and then promoting the polymerization and assembly of it[3].
Paclitaxel/紫杉醇 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
HCT15 cells
50 µg/ml
24 hours
To compare the apoptosis-inducing effects of UTD1 and paclitaxel in ABCB1 high-expression cells, UTD1 showed stronger apoptosis-inducing ability
Cell Death Dis. 2021 Apr 1;12(4):338.
KPC tumor cells
10μM
36 hours
To evaluate the effect of paclitaxel on Cytidine deaminase protein levels, results showed paclitaxel reduced Cda protein levels through ROS-mediated degradation
Cancer Discov. 2012 Mar;2(3):260-269.
BxPC3 cells
3-50 μg/ml
48 h
To evaluate the drug delivery efficacy of PEI-MSNP in BxPC3 cells, results showed that PEI-MSNP effectively delivered Paclitaxel, leading to increased cytotoxicity.
ACS Nano. 2009 Oct 27;3(10):3273-86.
PANC-1 cells
3-50 μg/ml
48 h
To evaluate the drug delivery efficacy of PEI-MSNP in PANC-1 cells, results showed that PEI-MSNP effectively delivered Paclitaxel, leading to increased cytotoxicity.
ACS Nano. 2009 Oct 27;3(10):3273-86.
H460 cells
5 μM
48 h
To evaluate the cytotoxicity of PTX/TPGS nanocrystals on H460 cells, results showed significant inhibition of H460 cell proliferation.
Mol Pharm. 2010 Jun 7;7(3):863-9.
KB cells
5 μM
48 h
To evaluate the cytotoxicity of PTX/TPGS nanocrystals on KB cells, results showed significant inhibition of KB cell proliferation.
Mol Pharm. 2010 Jun 7;7(3):863-9.
NCI/ADR-RES cells
5 μM
48 h
To evaluate the cytotoxicity of PTX/TPGS nanocrystals on drug-resistant cancer cells, results showed significant inhibition of NCI/ADR-RES cell proliferation.
Mol Pharm. 2010 Jun 7;7(3):863-9.
4T1 cells with M2 macrophages derived from RAW264.7 cells
2.5 μM + 2.5 μM
14 days
The combination of IPI-549 and paclitaxel (PTX) completely inhibited the growth of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids (MTCs), while IPI-549 or PTX alone showed limited inhibition.
Sci Transl Med. 2022 May 4;14(643):eabl3649.
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs)
5 μM
The combination of IPI-549 with paclitaxel (PTX) enhanced the repolarization of M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages, as indicated by an increase in M1 markers (TNF-α and IL-12) and a decrease in M2 markers (IL-10 and TGF-β).
Sci Transl Med. 2022 May 4;14(643):eabl3649.
A549 cells
10 –80 ng/mL
48 h
To investigate the effect of Paclitaxel on CTSL expression in A549 cells, results showed that Paclitaxel treatment induced CTSL expression.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 Dec;37(12):1606-1622.
Paclitaxel/紫杉醇 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Mice
Chemotherapy-induced bile acid metabolism disorder model
Intraperitoneal injection
30 mg/kg
Every other day, total six doses
To investigate the effect of chemotherapy on bile acid metabolism, results showed chemotherapy reduced the level of secondary bile acid HDCA
Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2410475
Nude mice
NCI/ADR-RES xenograft model
Intravenous injection
10 mg/kg
Administered on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12
To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of PTX/TPGS nanocrystals in the NCI/ADR-RES xenograft model, results showed significant tumor growth inhibition.
Mol Pharm. 2010 Jun 7;7(3):863-9.
Mice
MDA-MB-231 xenograft
Oral ceritinib + Intraperitoneal paclitaxel
10 mg/kg
Ceritinib once daily for 2 weeks; paclitaxel twice weekly for 2 weeks
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of ceritinib and paclitaxel combination therapy on ARlow TNBC tumor growth. Results showed that the combination treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis.
Mol Cancer. 2022 Jun 29;21(1):138.
Mice
MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice with spontaneous breast cancer and lung metastasis
Intravenous injection
10 mg/kg
Once every 3 days for five doses
The combination of Nano-PI with α-PD1 achieved long-term tumor remission, eliminated lung metastasis, and significantly improved survival in MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice.
Sci Transl Med. 2022 May 4;14(643):eabl3649.
Mice
Cognitive impairment model
Intraperitoneal injection
20 mg/kg
Every other day for 4 doses
To investigate the mechanism of paclitaxel-induced cognitive impairment and evaluate the therapeutic effects of lithium and PKC inhibitors. Results showed that paclitaxel injections impaired short-term spatial memory in mice, altered neuronal morphology in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and upregulated PKCα expression. Pretreatment with lithium and PKC inhibitors rescued these deficits.
Mol Neurodegener. 2021 Jun 26;16(1):41
BALB/c nude mice
A549 cell xenograft model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg
Every 3 days for 2 weeks
To investigate the effect of Paclitaxel on A549 cells overexpressing CTSL in a xenograft model, results showed that overexpression of CTSL reduced sensitivity to Paclitaxel.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 Dec;37(12):1606-1622.
Paclitaxel/紫杉醇 动物研究
Dose
Mice: min = 2 mg/kg[7] (i.v.), max = 75 mg/kg[8] (i.p.)
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