Geraniin, an active compound isolated from Geranium sibiricum, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Geraniin protected against CP(cisplatin)-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response[3]. 2.5 µM geraniin significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced BMSCs (bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells) cytotoxicity. 2.5 µM geraniin significantly reduced the expression of RunX2 and Osx miRNA in TNF-α-induced BMSCs. 2.5 µM geraniin suppressed the expression of NF-κB and p38 MAPK protein and promoted the expression of IкB-α protein in the TNF-α-induced BMSCs[4]. Geraniin mitigates LPS-elicited neural/synaptic neurodegeneration, amyloidogenesis, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment[5]. Geraniin significantly attenuated LPS-induced pathological changes in the lung. Geraniin also inhibited LPS-induced macrophages and neutrophils infiltration in the lung. Geraniin significantly attenuated LPS-induced elevation of MPO level. LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β production were markedly suppressed by treatment of geraniin[6]. Geraniin inhibits LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages switching to M1 phenotype through SOCS1/NF-κB pathway[7]. Geraniin was not toxic to the HFD (high-fat diet) rats but exhibited protection against glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity particularly in the pancreas of the obese rodents[8].
Geraniin/老鹳草素 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
PC12 cells
0.1 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L
24 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of Geraniin on OGD/R-induced injury in PC12 cells. Results showed that Geraniin significantly increased cell survival rate, decreased oxidative stress markers (LDH, MDA, NO, nNOS), and reduced apoptosis.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Feb 18;2022:2152746
bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
1, 5, 10, 20 µM
24 hours
Geraniin significantly attenuated H2O2-induced cell damage by promoting MSC survival, reducing cellular ROS production and maintaining mitochondrial function.
Int J Mol Med. 2018 Feb;41(2):739-748
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)
2.5 µM
1 day
To study the effect of Geraniin on the expression of RunX2 and Osx miRNA in TNF-α-induced BMSCs. Results showed that 2.5 µM Geraniin significantly upregulated the expression of RunX2 and Osx miRNA.
Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2017 Apr 21;2(2):47-52
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)
2.5 µM
1 day
To study the inhibitory effect of Geraniin on TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity in BMSCs. Results showed that 2.5 µM Geraniin significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity in BMSCs.
Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2017 Apr 21;2(2):47-52
PBMCs
3.125–100 µg/mL
4 days
Evaluate the inhibitory effect of Geraniin on lymphocyte proliferation, IC50 value of 22.60 µM.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016 Jun 9;10:1935-45
RAW 264.7 cells
3.125–100 µg/mL
24 hours
Evaluate the inhibitory effect of Geraniin on NO production, IC50 value of 7.81 µM.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016 Jun 9;10:1935-45
Geraniin/老鹳草素 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats
MCAO/R model
Intraperitoneal injection
5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg
Once daily for three days
To evaluate the protective effect of Geraniin on MCAO/R-induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Results showed that Geraniin significantly reduced infarct volume, improved neurological scores, alleviated neuronal pathological changes, and suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Feb 18;2022:2152746
Sprague Dawley rats
High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome model
Oral gavage
5 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg Geraniin, 115 mg/kg GEE
Once daily for four weeks
Evaluate the effects of Geraniin and GEE on metabolic syndrome parameters, showing that 5 mg Geraniin and 115 mg GEE significantly improved glucose intolerance, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Mar 25;11(4):632
Sprague-Dawley rats
High-fat diet-induced obese hypertensive model
Oral
25 mg/kg/day
Once daily for four weeks
To evaluate the effect of Geraniin on hypertensive vascular remodelling. Geraniin significantly ameliorated high-fat diet-induced vascular remodelling, reduced vascular oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, and enlarged the lumen diameter of the thoracic aorta.
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