Sweroside, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Swertia bimaculata with strong hepatoprotective, anti-osteoporotic, insulin-mimicking, and wound-healing effects, can inhibit potent melanogenesis in melan-a cells at 300uM without cytotoxicity, also decreases tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 protein production in melan a cells.
Sweroside/獐牙菜苷 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
SH-SY5Y cells
302.0 ng/mL
24 h
To evaluate the effect of Sweroside on the expression of CREB and GAP-43. The results showed that Sweroside significantly increased the expression of CREB and GAP-43 (P<0.01).
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019 Jul 16;13:2357-2370.
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs)
100 µM
1 h
Inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduced IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 (p20) production
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 17;21(8):2790.
H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells
2-20 μM
24 h
To evaluate the protective effects of Sweroside on aconitine-induced toxicity in H9c2 cells. Results showed that Sweroside significantly increased cell viability, reduced LDH leakage, and inhibited aconitine-induced oxidative stress and intracellular ROS production.
Front Pharmacol. 2018 Oct 25;9:1138.
RAW264.7 cells
20, 40, 80 μM
7 days
To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of sweroside in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Results showed that sweroside significantly inhibited cell proliferation, reduced the production of NO, PGE2, and ROS, and alleviated inflammation by activating SIRT1 to suppress NF-κB and promote FOXO1 signaling pathways.
Molecules. 2019 Mar 1;24(5):872.
Sweroside/獐牙菜苷 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6 N mice
TAC-induced heart failure model
Intraperitoneal injection
15, 30, 60 mg/kg
Once daily for 8 weeks
Sweroside significantly improved cardiac function in TAC-induced mice, increased EF and FS, and reduced myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Redox Biol. 2024 Aug;74:103223
C57BL/6J mice
ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury model
Oral
120 mg/kg
Once daily for 5 consecutive days
To evaluate the protective effect of Sweroside on ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury, results showed that Sweroside attenuated liver injury by restoring bile acid synthesis and transport to normal levels and suppressing pro-inflammatory responses.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 Sep;37(9):1218-28
Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Scopolamine-induced memory deficits model
Immersion
2.79, 8.35, and 13.95 nM
Once daily for 8 days
Sweroside significantly improved the Sco-induced decrease of the cholinergic system activity and brain oxidative stress. These results suggest that sweroside exerts a significant effect on anxiety and cognitive impairment, driven in part by the modulation of the cholinergic system activity and brain antioxidant action.
Molecules. 2022 Sep 11;27(18):5901
C57BL/6 mice
Methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH model
Intraperitoneal injection
5 and 30 mg/kg
Once daily for two weeks
Alleviated hepatic inflammation, fat accumulation, and fibrosis, suppressed hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reduced IL-1β and caspase-1 production
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 17;21(8):2790.
Sprague-Dawley rats
Aconitine-induced arrhythmia model
Intraperitoneal injection
50 mg/kg
Once daily for 5 days
To evaluate the protective effects of Sweroside on aconitine-induced arrhythmias. Results showed that Sweroside significantly reduced the incidence of arrhythmias and lowered the risk of ventricular fibrillation and sudden death.
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