Nitidine chloride (NC), a quaternary ammonium alkaloid, exhibits multiple biological activities, including antimalarial, antifungal, and antiangiogenesis. NC has been identified to suppress cell proliferation, stimulate apoptosis, and induce cell cycle arrest, retard migration, invasion and metastasis[3]. NC caused time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of CYP2D6, and more than 50% of CYP2D6 activity was suppressed after a 15-minute incubation with NC at 100 μM in the primary incubation mixtures, with KI of 4.36 μM, kinact of 0.052 minute-1, and a partition ratio of approximately 290[4]. NC led to the inhibition of cell growth, migration, and invasion and the induction of apoptosis, also inhibited the expression of SIN1 in osteosarcoma cells[5]. Nitidine chloride inhibited HaCaT proliferation and induced S phase cell cycle arrest. Nitidine chloride also significantly downregulated bcl-2 and upregulated bax, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3. In 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced epidermal hyperplasia and inflammation models, nitidine chloride inhibited topical edema in mouse ear and back skin, substantially reducing tissue thickness and weight[6].
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