Paromomycin sulfate is a derivative of neomycin, is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic noted for its amebicidal and bactericidal properties. It binds specifically to the RNA oligonucleotide at the A site of bacterial 30S ribosomes, leading to premature termination of mRNA translation and inhibition of protein synthesis. This makes paromomycin sulfate suitable for research on bacterial and parasitic infections.[1][2][3]
体内研究
When administered via oral gavage at doses ranging from 50 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg daily for five consecutive days, starting two weeks post-infection, paromomycin sulfate significantly reduces the count of oocysts per gram of feces and in the intestines. Histological examination reveals minimal focal inflammation in only 20% of intestinal sections from mice infected with C. parvum at a dose of 50 mg/kg and only 10% focal inflammation at 200 mg/kg, indicating its efficacy and relative safety at these dosages[1].
体外研究
In cell culture studies, paromomycin sulfate at a concentration of 500 μg/ml dramatically reduces intracellular parasitic forms by 97.2% in Caco-2 cells and by 99.5% in HCT-8 cells relative to control, demonstrating its effectiveness against intracellular parasites[2].
Paromomycin Sulfate/巴龙霉素硫酸盐 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
Leishmania tarentolae
3.62 µM (IC50)
120 minutes
To assess the inhibitory effect of paromomycin on cytosolic ribosome translation in Leishmania, showing effective inhibition with an IC50 of 3.62 μM.
Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 17;8(1):1589
Leishmania amazonensis reference strain M2269
145.23 µM (EC50)
24 hours
Evaluate the in vitro activity of paromomycin against the reference strain M2269, showing lower susceptibility to paromomycin.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2020 Dec;14:91-98
Leishmania amazonensis clinical isolate ER256
9.98 µM (EC50)
24 hours
Evaluate the in vitro activity of paromomycin against the clinical isolate ER256, showing high susceptibility to paromomycin.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2020 Dec;14:91-98
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
1.584 mg/ml
24 hours
To determine the antibacterial activity of paromomycin
BMC Microbiol. 2019 Jan 18;19(1):18
Leishmania donovani promastigotes
25–100 µM
32 weeks
To study the mechanism of Paromomycin resistance in Leishmania donovani in vitro. Results showed significant increases in IC50 and IC90 values, indicating enhanced resistance.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2017 Dec;7(3):370-377
Leishmania mexicana promastigotes
200 µM
4 hours
To investigate the effect of Paromomycin on protein synthesis in Leishmania mexicana promastigotes, results showed that Paromomycin significantly inhibited protein synthesis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Jan;55(1):86-93
Leishmania mexicana ribosomes
34 µM (IC50)
40 minutes
To investigate the effect of Paromomycin on polyphenylalanine synthesis in Leishmania mexicana ribosomes, results showed that Paromomycin significantly inhibited polyphenylalanine synthesis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Jan;55(1):86-93
Crithidia fasciculata
16 µM (IC50)
40 minutes
To investigate the effect of Paromomycin on polyphenylalanine synthesis in Crithidia fasciculata cells, results showed that Paromomycin significantly inhibited polyphenylalanine synthesis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Jan;55(1):86-93
U-251MG cells
20 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L
48 hours
Assess the effect of Paromomycin on cell viability, showing a dose-dependent reduction
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Dec 11;15:1490878
Bone-marrow derived macrophages (BMDM)
536.6 µM (CC50)
72 hours
Evaluate the cytotoxicity of paromomycin to macrophages, showing low toxicity to macrophages.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2020 Dec;14:91-98
Leishmania donovani promastigotes
2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 97 µM
72 hours
To evaluate the growth inhibitory effect of PMM on L. donovani promastigotes, showing varying PMM IC50 values among different strains.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Dec 20;64(1):e00904-19
Paromomycin Sulfate/巴龙霉素硫酸盐 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Honey bees
Newly emerged bees and colony bees
Oral
0.25 to 2 mg/mL
4 or 8 days
Paromomycin reduces V. ceranae infection intensity in honey bees but perturbs microbiome levels and midgut cell function.
Microorganisms. 2022 May 27;10(6):1107
Syrian golden hamsters
Visceral leishmaniasis model
Intraperitoneal injection
350 mg/kg
Once daily for 5 consecutive days
To evaluate the selection of paromomycin resistance in Leishmania in vivo. Results showed that after 3 treatment/relapse cycles, intracellular amastigotes of L. donovani and L. infantum developed resistance to paromomycin, while promastigotes remained fully susceptible.
Murine models of CL caused by L. major and L. mexicana
Intraperitoneal injection
50 mg/kg PM and 25 mg/kg CQ
Once daily for 10 days
Evaluate the efficacy of PM-CQ combination therapy in L. major- and L. mexicana-infected mice. Results showed that compared to PM alone, the combination significantly reduced lesion size (L. mexicana lesions decreased from 6.0±1.4 mm to 3.1±0.8 mm) but did not significantly reduce parasite load.
Evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of paromomycin in mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis, showing significant reduction in lesion size and parasite burden.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2020 Dec;14:91-98
搜索
