There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Mesaconitine is the main active component of genus aconitum plants.
Mesaconitine/中乌头碱 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
guinea pig ventricular myocytes
0.1, 0.3 μM
MACO depolarized the resting membrane potential (RMP) and reduced the action potential amplitude (APA) and durations (APDs) in a concentration-dependent manner, and induced DAD, EAD, and TA
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Feb;42(2):218-229
H9c2 cells
250 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the effect of Mesaconitine on H9c2 cell viability. The results showed that 250 µM MA significantly decreased the survival rate of H9c2 cells to 61.88±0.78%.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Apr 13;2022:5731372
HT22 cells
400, 800, 1600 μM
72 hours
To evaluate the neurotoxic effects of Mesaconitine on HT22 cells. Results showed that Mesaconitine significantly reduced cell viability, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, induced oxidative stress, and activated autophagy pathways.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Jun 13;15:1393717
H9c2 cardiomyocytes
300 μmol/L
24 hours
MA significantly reduced H9c2 cell viability, resulting in diminished mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear pyknosis and damage.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Mar 4;15:1367682
recombinant human CYP3A4
5, 10, 20, 40 μM
90 minutes
To determine the kinetic parameters of Mesaconitine, results showed KM of 131.3±99.75 μM, Vmax of 0.73±0.44 nmol·mg protein−1·min−1, and in vitro intrinsic clearance rate of 0.0056 mL·nmol CYP−1·min−1.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Mar 21;2019:3508658
human liver microsomes (HLMs)
20 μM
60 minutes
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of CYP3A-specific inhibitor ketoconazole on Mesaconitine metabolism, results showed the hepatic metabolism rate of mesaconitine decreased to 21.67±19.64%.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Mar 21;2019:3508658
rat chondrocytes
5, 10, 20 μg/ml
24 hours
To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of Mesaconitine on rat chondrocytes. Results showed that Mesaconitine at concentrations of 5, 10, 20 μg/ml significantly inhibited chondrocyte viability, indicating its cytotoxicity against chondrocytes.
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jul 24;11:1053
Mesaconitine/中乌头碱 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Guinea pigs
Not specified
Intravenous injection
25 μg/kg
Single injection, recorded for 120 minutes
MACO induced various types of arrhythmias, including ventricular premature beats, atrioventricular blockade, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation, and was more potent than ACO
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Feb;42(2):218-229
SD rats
Hepatotoxicity model
Oral
0.8 mg/kg/day and 1.2 mg/kg/day
6 consecutive days
To evaluate the effects of MA on the liver and its hepatotoxicity mechanism
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Jul 14;14(7):486
Rats
SD rats
Oral and intravenous
5 mg/kg orally and 0.1 mg/kg intravenously
Single dose
To study the pharmacokinetics of 10-hydroxy mesaconitine in rats, showing bioavailability of 17.6% and half-lives of 3.1±0.4h and 1.3±0.6h for oral and intravenous administration, respectively
J Anal Methods Chem. 2021 Apr 19;2021:6640184
Zebrafish
Zebrafish embryos
Water bath exposure
0 µM, 2.5 µM, 5 µM, 7.5 µM
48 hours
Study the toxic effects of Mesaconitine on liver development and function in zebrafish embryos
Toxics. 2025 Feb 23;13(3):155
Zebra fish
Zebra fish embryos
30, 60 μM
Treatment at 1 dpf for 2 days
To evaluate the neurotoxic effects of Mesaconitine on zebra fish embryos. Results showed that Mesaconitine significantly reduced survival and hatching rates, inhibited the expression of neurodevelopment-related genes, and caused abnormal locomotor behavior.
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