There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) plays roles in either toxic environmental aldehydes or organic ethanol metabolism as well as in disease therapy like cardiovascular disease. Alda-1 is an agonist that activates both wild-type ALDH2 and ALDH2*2 by bounding to the apo-form of them at the exit of the substrate tunnel and extends in toward the active site. At pH 7.5, the length and nature of 100 μM aldehydes that were acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde were activated in dependent ways with the concentrations of Alda-1 of 0, 3, 6, 20, 30 μM respectively. Alda-1 also antagonized daidzin inhibition of both ALDH2 and ALDH2*2 in a dependent way with concentrations of 10 μM. Furthermore, the combined activatory could significantly increase the effects of both Alda-1 and NAD+ on ester hydrolysis for the two enzymes, which inversely became antagonistic for ALDH2 if the concentration is very high[1]. In male sprague-dawley rats study model with lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries, 10 mg/kg Alda-1 treatment could significantly alleviate the I/R injury. The hepatic I/R could increase ROC which was reduced by Alda-1 treatment and damage ALDH2 activity without changing ALDH2 expression and the ALDH2 activity could also be increased by Alda-1. The accumulation of MDA and 4-HNE due to I/R could also be inhibited, indicating that Alda-1 could activate ALDH2 activity and thus diminish the accumulation of toxic products. Furthermore, Alda-1 was proved to reduce the inflammatory response, ROS level, cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential[2]. In sum, Alda-1 could enhance the catalytic ALDH2 activity by 2-times with EC50 of 20 μM and inhibit 4-HNE-induced inactivation of ALDH2. 8 mg/kg Injection of Alda-1 could decrease creatine kinase release into the blood by 50%[3].
Alda-1 treatment significantly increased ALDH2 activation in H9c2 cells and promoted mitochondrial respiration.
Bioact Mater. 2021 Jan 8;6(7):2058-2069.
Cardiomyocytes
20 µM
12 hours
Alda-1 treatment significantly increased ALDH2 activation in cardiomyocytes and promoted mitochondrial respiration.
Bioact Mater. 2021 Jan 8;6(7):2058-2069.
T84 human colon cells
20 µM
12 hours
Alda-1 restored the levels of ALDH2 protein and activity, and significantly blocked ethanol-induced increase in cell permeability and reduction in TJ/AJ protein levels.
Redox Biol. 2023 Feb;59:102577.
A549 cells
0 nM, 100 nM, 350 nM, 1 µM
2 days
Alda-1 treatment significantly reduced the side population of A549 cells, indicating that Alda-1 inhibits the stem cell-like properties of lung cancer cells.
Neoplasia. 2019 Jun;21(6):602-614.
H1299 cells
0 nM, 100 nM, 1 µM
2 days
Alda-1 treatment significantly reduced the CD44+/CD24− population of H1299 cells, indicating that Alda-1 inhibits the stem cell-like properties of lung cancer cells.
Neoplasia. 2019 Jun;21(6):602-614.
H9C2 cells
20 µM
2 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of Alda-1 on LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in H9C2 cells, the results showed that Alda-1 pretreatment significantly reduced LPS-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability, ROS levels, and apoptosis rate, and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors.
Mol Med. 2023 Dec 20;29(1):171.
H9C2 myoblasts
20 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the protective effect of Alda-1 on Aβ-induced lipid peroxidation, results showed that Alda-1 significantly alleviated Aβ-induced lipid peroxidation.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jan;43(1):39-49.
Human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2)
20 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the effect of Alda-1 on MA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Results showed that Alda-1 treatment significantly improved mitochondrial function and reduced apoptosis.
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Jan 20;14(1):45.
3T3 cells
20 µM
48 hours
Evaluate the activation effect of Alda-1 on ALDH2 variants. The results showed that Alda-1 increased the activity of the ALDH2*2 variant by approximately 14-fold, but had limited activation effects on other variants.
EBioMedicine. 2020 May;55:102753.
Human-derived fibroblasts
20 µM
48 hours
Evaluate the activation effect of Alda-1 on ALDH2 variants. The results showed that Alda-1 had poor activation effects on ALDH2*3 and ALDH2*6 variants, and did not significantly improve their activity.
EBioMedicine. 2020 May;55:102753.
Cardiac fibroblasts
20 µM
96 hours
Alda-1 treatment reduced fibroblast proliferation under aldehydic load stress
Cardiovasc Res. 2014 Sep 1;103(4):498-508.
ALDH2*1
0.03–0.06 µM
To study the activation effect of Alda-1 on ALDH2*1 dehydrogenase activity
Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Feb;17(2):159-64.
ALDH2*2
0.3–0.5 µM
To study the activation effect of Alda-1 on ALDH2*2 dehydrogenase activity
Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Feb;17(2):159-64.
HepG2 cells
40 µM
Alda-1 prevented HNE-induced HepG2 cell death by activating ALDH2 to degrade HNE
To evaluate the protective effect of Alda-1 on LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction, inflammation, and apoptosis, the results showed that Alda-1 pretreatment significantly improved cardiac function, reduced the expression of cardiac injury markers CKMB and LDH, and decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis rate.
Mol Med. 2023 Dec 20;29(1):171.
C57BL/6 mice
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury model
Intraperitoneal injection
10 mg/kg
Single dose, 1 hour before ischemia
Alda-1 pretreatment significantly alleviated intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, accompanied by up-regulated ALDH2 activity and reduced accumulation of 4-HNE and MDA.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Jun 1;131(11):1123-1136
Rats
Myocardial infarction-induced heart failure model
Subcutaneous injection
10 mg/kg/day
Continuous for 6 weeks
Alda-1 treatment improved cardiac function, reduced left ventricular dilation, and decreased myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis
Cardiovasc Res. 2014 Sep 1;103(4):498-508.
Wistar rats
Myocardial infarction model
Continuous infusion via Alzet pump
16 mg/kg/day
16 hours
Alda-1 prevented nitroglycerin-induced increase in myocardial infarction injury
Sci Transl Med. 2011 Nov 2;3(107):107ra111.
Mice and rats
ALDH2*1/*2 knock-in mice and Wistar rats
Subcutaneous injection
2 mg/kg
15 minutes before, and again at 30 and 150 minutes after
Alda-1 reduced the response to nociceptive stimulus in ALDH2*1/*2 mice and reversed the carrageenan-induced pain behavior, restoring thresholds to baseline values for both wild type and ALDH2*1/*2 mice.
Sci Transl Med. 2014 Aug 27;6(251):251ra118
Mice
Choline-deficient, amino acid-defined (CDAA) mouse model
Intraperitoneal injection
20 mg/kg
3 times a week for 8 weeks
Alda-1 reduced liver inflammation and fibrosis by degrading HNE
Cisplatin or maleic acid-induced acute kidney injury model
Intraperitoneal injection
20 mg/kg
Once daily for 3 days
To evaluate the protective effect of Alda-1 on cisplatin or maleic acid-induced acute kidney injury. Results showed that Alda-1 pretreatment significantly improved renal function and reduced tubular injury and apoptosis.
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Jan 20;14(1):45.
C57BL/6 mice
Bile duct ligation model
Subcutaneous injection
20 mg/kg
Once daily for 14 days
Alda-1 accelerates aldehyde degradation by activating ALDH2, reducing BDL-induced liver necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, indicating that aldehydes play an important role in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Dec;145:136-145
Mice
GSNO-R−/− mice
Perfusion
20 μmol/L
10 minutes prior to the onset of ischemia and for 10 minutes at the start of reperfusion
Alda-1 significantly reduced infarct size in female GSNO-R?/? hearts, suggesting that excess mitochondrial formaldehyde may exacerbate I/R injury in female hearts with the disruption of GSNO-R.
Circ Res. 2018 Nov 9;123(11):1232-1243
C57BL/6J mice
Alcoholic liver disease model
Intraperitoneal injection
5 mg/kg
Every other day for 10 days
To test the therapeutic potential of Alda-1 for alcoholic liver disease, results showed that Alda-1 treatment alleviated liver damage, reduced hepatic steatosis, and apoptosis.
J Hepatol. 2015 Jun;62(6):1375-81.
C57BL/6J mice
GFP-LC3 transgenic mice
Intraperitoneal injection
50 mg/kg
Single dose
Alda-1 pretreatment reduced ethanol-induced mitochondrial depolarization and GFP-LC3 puncta formation.
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