There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Evaluated the effect of thioacetamide on gene expression in pooled hepatocytes via RNA-seq, identifying variability and common differentially expressed genes.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 13;25(6):3265
Human renal tubular epithelial cells
0.25 mM (low dose), 1.00 mM (high dose)
9 or 24 hours
To study the effect of thioacetamide-S-oxide on gene expression in human renal tubular epithelial cells. High-dose treatment for 24 h significantly activated the fibrogenesis and degeneration modules.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 4;21(11):4017
Human primary hepatocytes
0.125 mM (low dose), 0.25 mM (high dose)
9 or 24 hours
To study the effect of thioacetamide-S-oxide on gene expression in human primary hepatocytes. High-dose treatment for 24 h significantly activated liver-injury modules involving cellular infiltration and bile duct proliferation, linked to fibrosis.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 4;21(11):4017
Thioacetamide/硫代乙酰胺 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Male C57BL/6J mice
TAA-induced liver injury model
Intraperitoneal injection
100 mg/kg
6 weeks
To study the TAA-induced liver injury model, results showed that TAA treatment led to hepatocyte necrosis, cell swelling, membrane disruption, and nucleus contraction.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 21;22(21):11383
BALB/C mice
Thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
100 mg/kg
Twice a week for 6 weeks
To study the thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis model, results showed that TAA significantly increased hepatic fibrosis markers (e.g., collagen-1, α-SMA, TGF-β1) and enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
Int J Biol Sci. 2023 May 11;19(9):2630-2647
Male C57BL/6J mice
Hepatic encephalopathy model (TAA-induced)
Intraperitoneal injection
150 mg/kg
Once daily for 3 consecutive days
Induced liver injury and clear bradykinesia, mimicking hepatic encephalopathy symptoms
Nat Commun. 2023 Jul 24;14(1):4456
Sprague-Dawley rats
Thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
150 mg/kg
Twice per week for 6 weeks
To assess whether aquatic extract (DM) of D. morbifera ameliorates thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis. DM markedly reduced serum AST, ALT, ALP, and r-GTP in TAA-treated rats. DM significantly ameliorated the total glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity in TAA-treated rats. In particular, DM significantly reduced expression of α-SMA, type I collagen, vimentin, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 in hepatic fibrosis rats.
Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Feb 13;15(4):800-811
Male albino mice
Thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
150 mg/kg
Three times a week for 6 weeks
To investigate the thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis model and evaluate the therapeutic effect of dasatinib. Results showed that thioacetamide significantly increased liver enzyme levels and fibrosis markers, while dasatinib treatment significantly reduced these indicators.
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2022 Dec;37(1):118-124
Mice
Acute liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Two doses, 24 hours apart
To investigate the role of LRRK2 in TAA-induced acute liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy. Results showed that LRRK2 deficiency exacerbates TAA-induced hepatic and neuroinflammation.
J Neuroinflammation. 2024 May 9;21(1):123
NOD/SCID mice
Thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Twice weekly for 6 weeks
Induced liver fibrosis model in mice to study the therapeutic effects of WJ-MSCs. Results showed that WJ-MSCs significantly reduced collagen deposition and ameliorated liver fibrosis.
Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2020 Oct;17(5):671-682
Sprague-Dawley rats
Ovariectomized (OVX) female rats, sham-operated female rats, and male rats
Intraperitoneal injection
150 mg/kg/day
Daily for four weeks
To investigate whether estrogen deficiency (ED) potentiates hepatic fibrosis in a thioacetamide (TAA)-treated rat model. Results showed that in TAA-treated OVX rats, the activities of serum ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT were significantly increased compared to those in TAA-treated sham-operated OVX rats or TAA-treated male rats. Furthermore, α-SMA expression was significantly increased compared to that in TAA-treated sham-operated rats. This was accompanied by the appearance of fibrosis biomarkers including vimentin, collagen-I, and hydroxyproline, in the liver of TAA-treated OVX rats. In addition, ED markedly reduced total glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in TAA-treated OVX rats. In contrast, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were elevated in TAA-treated OVX rats.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jul 29;20(15):3709
C57BL/6 male mice
TAA-induced liver fibrosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Three times a week for 8 weeks
To investigate the therapeutic effect of FGF21_ADSCs transplantation on TAA-induced liver fibrosis. Results showed that FGF21_ADSCs transplantation significantly improved liver fibrosis by decreasing serum hyaluronic acid levels and reducing the expression of fibrosis-related factors such as α-SMA, collagen, and TIMP-1.
J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Oct;22(10):5165-5169
Rats
TAA-induced liver fibrosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Three times per week for four weeks
Induced liver fibrosis, manifested by increased serum transaminases, hepatic hydroxyproline content, α-SMA and TGF-β1 expressions, as well as enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Mar 18;15(3):369
Rats
TAA-induced liver cirrhosis model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Three times per week for two months
To study the toxic effects of thioacetamide on rat liver and its induction of liver fibrosis. Results showed that TAA significantly increased liver weight and expression of fibrosis markers (e.g., α-SMA and PCNA), while decreasing antioxidant enzyme activity.
Molecules. 2023 Nov 15;28(22):7608
Rats
TAA-induced chronic kidney disease model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Twice a week for 8 weeks
TAA induced substantial renal injury, as demonstrated by significant kidney tissue damage and fibrosis, as well as augmented blood and kidney tissue levels of urea, creatinine, inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and hypertension. TAA nephrotoxicity substantially inhibited the renal expression of phosphorylated AMPK. All these markers were significantly protected by metformin administration.
Molecules. 2023 Mar 18;28(6):2756
Sprague-Dawley rats
Thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Twice weekly for sixteen weeks
Induction of hepatocellular carcinoma model to evaluate the anticancer activity of Emodin. Results showed that thioacetamide successfully induced hepatocellular carcinoma, evidenced by increased hepatic nodules, decreased survival rate, and upregulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.
Redox Rep. 2024 Dec;29(1):2365590
Sprague-Dawley rats
Experimentally-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Twice a week for 16 weeks
Induction of hepatocellular carcinoma model for studying the chemopreventive and hepatoprotective effects of genistein.
Redox Rep. 2022 Dec;27(1):9-20
Kunming mice
Acute hepatic encephalopathy model
Intraperitoneal injection
200 mg/kg
Every other day for 3 injections
To establish an acute hepatic encephalopathy model and study its molecular and metabolic mechanisms. Results showed that thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy may be related to energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, complement and coagulation cascades, vitamin digestion and absorption, and neurotransmitter imbalance.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 24;25(1):284
Rats
Acute hepatic encephalopathy model
Intraperitoneal injection
200, 400, 600 mg/kg
Single injection, samples taken after 6 days
To study the changes in amino acid balance in plasma and tissues of rats during recovery from acute thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy. Results showed that despite apparent physiological recovery at the time of sampling, a residual imbalance in amino acids and associated enzymes persisted.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 11;24(4):3647
Rats
Acute thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy model
Intraperitoneal injection
200, 400, 600 mg/kg
Single injection, duration of 6 days
To study the balance of TCA cycle metabolites in rats during the post-rehabilitation period of acute hepatic encephalopathy, finding residual imbalance of metabolites in vital organs despite complete physiological recovery.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 10;24(2):1384
Male ICR mice
Acute liver injury model
Intraperitoneal injection
250 mg/kg/day
3 consecutive days
TAA induced prominent inflammation and vacuolar degeneration as well as liver dysfunction, while significantly decreasing the protein expression of SLC7A11 (xCT) and GPX4 in the liver and increasing the expression levels of TfR1, Fpn, and Ft-L.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 12;13:869794
Sprague Dawley rats
Acute liver failure model
Intraperitoneal injection
300 mg/kg
Once daily for three consecutive days
To investigate the effects of TAA-induced acute liver failure on AdoMet and AdoHcy levels in the brain and liver of rats, and the modulatory effect of exogenous AdoMet on brain redox status. Results showed that TAA treatment led to AdoHcy accumulation and decreased AdoMet/AdoHcy ratio in the brain, and AdoMet treatment restored brain glutathione levels and GSH/GSSG ratio.
Nutrients. 2020 Jul 17;12(7):2135
C57BL/6 mice
Acute liver injury and hyperammonaemia model
Intraperitoneal injection
300 mg/kg
Single injection
To induce acute liver injury and hyperammonaemia model and evaluate the protective effect of Lactobacillus salivarius Li01. Results showed that L. salivarius Li01 reduced mortality, improved liver damage, and decreased inflammation and ammonia levels.
Microb Biotechnol. 2020 Nov;13(6):1860-1876
SD rats
Thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver failure model
Gavage
300 mg/kg/day (2 days)
Once daily for 2 days
Evaluate therapeutic effects of BMSCs transplantation in TAA-induced ALF rats. Results showed BMSCs migrated to injured intestines, differentiated into enterocytes, reduced intestinal permeability, endotoxemia, inflammatory cytokines, and mortality.
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