Pidotimod is an orally active dipeptide immunostimulant with immunomodulatory properties on the adaptive and the innate immune responses. Pidotimod can be used for the research of chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria, et al. In toxicology study in animals, Pidotimod (oral gavage; 800 mg/kg;12 months) is non-toxic in rats and is non-toxic dogs at 600 mg/kg. Pidotimod is non-teratogenic in rats (600 mg/kg orally or 1000 mg/kg IV) and has no effects on subsequent embryofoetal development in rats (up to 1000 mg/kg/day), it has no perinatal or postnatal toxic effects in rats (600 mg/kg orally)[3]. Pidotimod enhanced the anti-growth effect of cisplatin on LLC (lewis lung cancer) via promoting anti-tumor response, such as increased infiltration of dendrite cells (DCs) and CD8+ T cells as well as enhancement of IFN-γ and Granzyme B expression[4]. Pidotimod (intraperitoneal administration; 10-100 mg/kg) normalizes depletion of peritoneal macrophage numbers, and significantly increases macrophage superoxide anion (O2–) production in methylprednisolone-induced immunosuppressed mice[5]. Pidotimod has a remarkable efficacy in the treatment of pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infection because it can effectively inhibit the infection and optimize Th1/Th2 immune function[6].
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