Narirutin is a flavanone-7-O-glycoside with antiproliferative, anti-depressant and anti-inflammatory properties. It can be isolated from the young fruit of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck. It is considered to be non-toxic with predicted high LD50 value, 12000 mg/kg body weight. The phytochemical is tested for its antitubercular activity in vitro. It has MIC99 62.5 μg/mL against the MtbH37Rv strain[3]. At 10 mg/kg, but not 0.1 or 1 mg/kg, narirutin significantly diminished OVA-induced airway inflammation caused by infiltration of lung tissue with inflammatory and mucus-producing cells, as well as reduced eosinophil counts in the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), interleukin (IL)-4 levels in BALF and IgE levels in serum[4]. The inhibitory mechanism of narirutin on RBL-2H3 cells degranulation could be related to regulate MAPK, NF-κB and Tyrosine kinase signaling pathway[5]. NR (Narirutin) treatment for 1 week significantly alleviated the depressive-like behaviours of CMS-exposed mice, as indicated by restored decreased sucrose preference and shortened floating time in the forced swimming test. Moreover, NR treatment significantly blocked the CMS-induced anxiety-like behaviors, including increased time spent in the central zone in the open field test, and shortened the latency to feeding in the novelty suppressed feeding test[6]. Narirutin has vasorelaxing effect and the mechanism involves the inhibition of phosphodiesterase, which increases intracellular cAMP, thereby stimulating the endothelial nitric oxide synthase and activating the voltage-gated potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells[7].
Narirutin/芸香柚皮苷 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
HepG2 cells
80 µM
7 hours
To investigate the effect of NR on TFEB nuclear translocation, results showed NR promoted TFEB dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation via the PPP3/calcineurin pathway.
Autophagy. 2023 Aug;19(8):2240-2256
Mouse primary hepatocytes
80 µM
8 hours
To evaluate the protective effects of NR on APAP-induced cell damage, results showed NR enhanced cell viability, decreased activities of GPT and GOT1, and improved mitochondrial dysfunction.
Autophagy. 2023 Aug;19(8):2240-2256
Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cell line
20 µM
Overnight
Blocks voltage-gated sodium (Na V) channels subtype 1.7
Spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced neuropathic pain model
Intrathecal injection
20 μg/20 μL
Single administration, effects lasted for about 3 hours
Alleviates mechanical allodynia and cold allodynia
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 27;23(23):14842
Rats
Depression-like behavior model induced by high sugar diet (HSD) and cafeteria diet
Dietary supplementation
30 mg/kg
Continuous supplementation during pregnancy and lactation
To evaluate the preventive effect of Narirutin on depression-like behavior induced by maternal high sugar diet and cafeteria diet. Results showed that Narirutin supplementation reversed the depression-like behavior induced by cafeteria diet.
To investigate the protective effects of Narirutin on OVA-induced food allergy, results showed that Narirutin may exert protective effects by increasing Lachnospiraceae abundance
Nutrients. 2025 May 8;17(10):1611
C57BL/6J mice
APAP-induced liver injury model
Intraperitoneal injection
50 mg/kg
Administered 1 hour after APAP injection, lasting for 5 or 23 hours
To evaluate the protective effects of NR on APAP-induced liver injury and oxidative stress, results showed NR reduced liver necrosis, decreased serum GPT and GOT1 activities, elevated antioxidant enzyme activities, and improved mitochondrial function.
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