Methyl gallate is a plant phenolic with antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. The growth of A. viscosus is inhibited completely by a low dose of Methyl gallate (MIC=1 mg/mL). S. mutans and . sobrinus show intermediate sensitivity to Methyl gallate (MIC=2-4 mg/mL), whereas the growth of Lactobacillus spp. is inhibited completely at a relatively high concentration (MIC=8 mg/mL)[3]. MG (Methyl gallate) effectively inhibited the growth of both promastigote (IC50 5.71 μM) and amastigote-like forms (EC50 5.39 μM), with much higher selectivity indexes than the reference drugs, being more benign towards J774A.1 macrophages than meglumine antimoniate and amphotericin B, at 1631- and 70.92-fold respectively, with respect to the promastigote form. Additionally, MG proved to be even more active against intracellular amastigotes of the parasite (EC50 4.24 μM). In addition, MG induced increased phagocytic capability, and lysosomal volume in macrophages; structural parameters of microbicidal activity[4]. Methyl gallate, in a concentration of 100 mM, could alleviate lipid peroxidation of the cells exposed to a short-term H2O2 treatment. In addition, Methyl gallate-treated cells could prevent intracellular glutathione (GSH) from being depleted following an exposure of H2O2 (8.0 mM) for a 3 h period[5]. Methyl gallate inhibits Treg cell-suppressive effects on effector CD4+ T cells and Treg migration toward tumor environment. Furthermore, forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) expression is also significantly decreased by methyl gallate[6].
Methyl gallate/没食子酸甲酯 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
RAW264.7 cells
5, 10, 20 µg/mL
24 hours
MG inhibited LPS-induced NO production, regulated macrophage polarization, and suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.
Evaluated antibacterial activity, forming inhibition zones of approximately 19 mm
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Dec 24;17(1):7.
Differentiated Caco-2 cells
30 µg/mL and 90 µg/mL
48 hours
MG showed no cytotoxic effects on differentiated Caco-2 cells.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Jun 16;12(6):1292.
LO2 cells
20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640 µM
48 hours
MG showed minimal toxicity in human normal hepatocyte LO2 cells.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 13;13:894285.
Plasmodium falciparum W2
0.61 µg/mL
72 hours
Antimalarial activity with IC50 value of 0.61 µg/mL
Molecules. 2022 Dec 1;27(23):8382.
Plasmodium falciparum D6
1.57 µg/mL
72 hours
Antimalarial activity with IC50 value of 1.57 µg/mL
Molecules. 2022 Dec 1;27(23):8382.
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
10 and 50 µM
Inhibited IL-1β release in ATP-treated PBMCs
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 20;12:759040.
Ralstonia solanacearum
25 mg/ml
Evaluate the antibacterial activity of methyl gallate against Ralstonia solanacearum
Front Microbiol. 2021 Feb 4;11:598692.
Methyl gallate/没食子酸甲酯 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6 mice
High-fat diet-induced obesity model
Oral
0.1%
For 14 weeks
Evaluate the effects of VFP or VFPE on weight gain, fat accumulation, glucose and insulin tolerance, energy expenditure, mitochondrial function, hepatic and renal protection, found that VFP and VFPE prevented obesity, improved metabolic flexibility, increased energy expenditure, and protected liver and kidney
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 28;24(9):7984
ICR mice
LPS-induced osteoporosis model
Oral
10 mg/kg
Every 8 days for 8 days
Methyl gallate restored LPS-induced osteoporotic phenotype by inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone-resorbing activity.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 7;18(3):581
C57BL/6 mice
Hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN) model
Oral
20 and 40 mg/kg
Once daily for 28 days
Significantly ameliorated HN by inhibiting uric acid production and promoting uric acid excretion as well as ameliorating renal injury induced by NLRP3 activation
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 20;12:759040.
BALB/C nude mice
Xenograft tumor model
Intragastric
40, 80, 160 mg/kg
Once daily for 21 days
MG significantly inhibited the growth of HCC xenografts, with tumor inhibition rates of 49.94%, 52.66%, and 55.92% respectively.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 13;13:894285.
C57BL/6J mice
DSS-induced ulcerative colitis model
Oral
50, 100, 200 mg/kg
Once daily for 6 days
MG alleviated body weight loss, improved colon length and histological damage, modulated gut microbiota, and inhibited TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
United States, Minnesota
... 展开 >>
Fairview Southdale Breast Center
Edina, Minnesota, United States, 55435
Fairview Maple Grove Breast Center
Maple Grove, Minnesota, United States, 55369
University of Minnesota Medical Center (UMMC) Breast Clinic
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
Park Nicollet Institute
St. Louis Park, Minnesota, United States, 55426
Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota
St. Paul, Minnesota, United States, 55108 收起 <<
United States, Minnesota
... 展开 >>
Fairview Southdale Breast Center
Edina, Minnesota, United States, 55435
Fairview Maple Grove Breast Center
Maple Grove, Minnesota, United States, 55369
University of Minnesota Medical Center (UMMC) Breast Clinic
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
Park Nicollet Institute
St. Louis Park, Minnesota, United States, 55426
Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota
St. Paul, Minnesota, United States, 55108 收起 <<
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