Germacrone, a natural product isolated and purified from the rhizoma of Curcuma wenyujin with anti-tumor activity, can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated caspase pathway, and may be a potent chemopreventive drug candidate for liver cancer via regulating the expression of proteins related to G2/M cell cycle and apoptosis, and p53 and oxidative damage may play important roles in the inhibition of human hepatoma cells growth by germacrone.
Germacrone 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
Differentiated HepaRG cells
100 µM
1, 6, 12, 24 hours
To evaluate the effect of Germacrone on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HepaRG cells, results showed that Germacrone significantly increased ROS production at 100 µM.
Nutrients. 2020 Jun 8;12(6):1720.
Differentiated HepaRG cells
250 µM
24 hours
To evaluate the effect of Germacrone on the viability of HepaRG cells, results showed that Germacrone significantly inhibited cell viability at 250 µM.
Nutrients. 2020 Jun 8;12(6):1720.
LO2 cells
10-40 μM
12 hours
GER protects hepatocytes by inhibiting APAP-induced mitochondrial ROS release
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 5;12:745561.
LX-2 cells
60-120 μM
24 hours
GER promotes HSC apoptosis by upregulating cleaved-caspase 3 protein expression and inhibiting anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 5;12:745561.
GES-1 cells
7.89%
24, 48, 72 hours
To investigate the effect of Germacrone on the proliferation of GES-1 cells, results showed that high concentrations ( ≥90μg/mL) of zedoary oil killed GES-1 cells.
Chin Med. 2013 Jun 28;8:13.
MGC 803 cells
7.89%
24, 48, 72 hours
To investigate the effect of Germacrone on the proliferation of MGC 803 cells, results showed that zedoary oil significantly decreased the cell viability of MGC 803 cells.
Chin Med. 2013 Jun 28;8:13.
AGS cells
7.89%
24, 48, 72 hours
To investigate the effect of Germacrone on the proliferation of AGS cells, results showed that zedoary oil significantly decreased the cell viability of AGS cells.
Chin Med. 2013 Jun 28;8:13.
IEC-6 cells
1, 2, 4 μM
24 hours
Germacrone significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of HO-1 and NQO1 in IEC-6 cells and significantly increased the mRNA expression of ZO-1 and Occludin to alleviate ethanol-induced intestinal barrier injury.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 26;13:981706.
HepG2 cells
0.5, 1, 2 μM
24 hours
Germacrone significantly downregulated the mRNA transcription of NQO1 in HepG2 cells, and GM-H reduced the expression of HO-1, while the protein expression of HO-1 showed a similar trend.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 26;13:981706.
Germacrone 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Sprague-Dawley rats
Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model
Tail vein injection
8 mg/kg GER
Administered on days 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24
Evaluate the therapeutic effect of FA-NPs/GER in AIA rats, results showed that FA-NPs/GER significantly reduced the swelling and inflammation infiltration of the rat’s foot and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β).
Drug Deliv. 2022 Dec;29(1):692-701.
C57BL/6 mice
MCD diet-induced liver fibrosis model
Intragastric gavage
25 or 50 mg/kg
Once daily for 6 weeks
GER ameliorates MCD diet-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway
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