There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
CNQX (FG9065) is a potent and competitive AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist with IC50s of 0.3 μM and 1.5 μM, respectively. CNQX is a competitive non-NMDA receptor antagonist[1]. Superfusion of hippocampal slices with 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 2-5 microM) reversibly blocked the Schaffer collateral and mossy fibre excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP), while sparing the fast and slow gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition. CNQX may be a useful antagonist to study excitatory amino acid-mediated synaptic transmission[2]. CNQX (1-5 μM) produces a selective and dose-dependent reduction in the amplitude of the monosynaptic component of the DR-VRR recorded from lumbar spinal segments. The activation of NMDA receptors is sufficient to elicit and maintain fictive locomotion after blockade of non-NMDA receptors with either DNQX or CNQX[3].
CNQX 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells
40 μM
CNQX completely blocked the rapid EPSC
Neuron. 2008 Aug 14;59(3):392-8
mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells
10 μM
CNQX reduced the amplitude of the rapid EPSC by about 90%
Neuron. 2008 Aug 14;59(3):392-8
pTRG neurons
50 μM
CNQX and AP5 greatly reduced the EPSCs induced by MLR stimulation
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 10;109(2):E84-92
respiratory motoneurons
1 mM
CNQX and AP5 significantly reduced the area of EPSPs induced by MLR stimulation
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 10;109(2):E84-92
GluA1 AMPARs
100 nM
To study the inhibitory effect of CNQX on GluA1 AMPARs
J Physiol. 2011 Nov 15;589(Pt 22):5383-90
tsA201 cells
100 nM
To study the inhibitory effect of CNQX on GluA1 AMPARs
J Physiol. 2011 Nov 15;589(Pt 22):5383-90
Layer V pyramidal neurons in rat prefrontal cortex slices
30 µM
To test the effect of CNQX on 5-HT-induced synaptic activity. Results showed that CNQX completely blocked the increase in synaptic activity induced by 5-HT
J Physiol. 2004 May 1;556(Pt 3):739-54
CNQX 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
Lampreys
Semi-intact preparations
Local injections
1 mM
Blockade of excitatory transmission in the dorsal MLR markedly reduced the respiratory increases associated with locomotion
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 10;109(2):E84-92
Rat
Anesthetized rats
Local application
20 μM
Single application
Inhibited spontaneous EPSCs
J Physiol. 2012 May 15;590(10):2225-31
Rats
Water maze test
Bilateral intra-LHb infusion
267 ng/side
Single injection, behavioral testing performed 15 minutes post-injection
To investigate the role of LHb in encoding and retrieval of spatial memory. Results showed that CNQX infusion prevented encoding and retrieval, but not consolidation of spatial information.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 Nov;40(12):2843-51
Cats
Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) model
Bilateral cerebellar cortex injection
3 mM,5–20 μl
Single injection, lasting 20 minutes
To investigate the effect of CNQX blockade of excitatory neurotransmission in the cerebellar cortex on VOR gain. Results showed complete reversal of short-term memory expression and only partial effect on long-term memory expression.
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