Aucubin is an iridoid glycoside with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-algesic as well as anti-tumor activities. Administration of aucubin to diabetic rats for 15 days significantly reversed damage associated with diabetes. In addition, diabetic rats showed an obvious decrease in insulin immunoreactivity and the number of beta cells in pancreas, but the pancreas of aucubin-treated rats were improved and the number of immunoreactive beta cells were significantly increased[3]. Aucubin inhibited Ag-induced TNF-alpha and IL-6 production and expression in a dose-dependent manner with IC(50) of 0.101 and 0.19 microg/ml, respectively. Maximal inhibition of TNF-alpha and IL-6 production was 73 +/- 4.3% and 88.8 +/- 5%, respectively. Aucubin also inhibited Ag-induced nuclear translocation of p65 subunit of NF-kappaB and degradation of IkappaBalpha[4]. Aucubin inhibits inflammation, fibroblast proliferation, and differentiation, exerting protective effects against BLM(bleomycin)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model[5]. Aucubin has a protective effect on articular cartilage and slowing progression of OA (osteoarthritis) in a mouse model[6].
Aucubin/桃叶珊瑚苷 细胞实验
Cell Line
Concentration
Treated Time
Description
References
primary cortical neurons
50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml
12 h
To evaluate the protective effects of Aucubin against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Results showed that Aucubin significantly enhanced the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, activated antioxidant enzymes, suppressed excessive generation of ROS, and reduced cell apoptosis.
J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Jun 15;17(1):188
hBM-MSCs
0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 μM
3, 7 days
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs. The results showed that Aucubin significantly increased the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and promoted early and late mineralization.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Aug 19;13(1):424
hBM-MSCs
0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 μM
1, 3, 5, 7 days
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on the viability and proliferation of hBM-MSCs. The results showed that different concentrations of Aucubin did not have a significant impact on the viability and proliferation of hBM-MSCs at different time nodes.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Aug 19;13(1):424
neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
1, 3, 10, 25 and 50 μM
24 h
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Results showed that Aucubin at 50 μM significantly reduced cell surface area and mRNA expression levels of ANP and β-MHC.
Br J Pharmacol. 2018 May;175(9):1548-1566
H9c2 cardiomyocytes
1, 3, 10, 25 and 50 μM
24 h
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Results showed that Aucubin at higher concentrations (10 and 50 μM) significantly reduced cell surface area and mRNA expression levels of ANP and β-MHC.
Br J Pharmacol. 2018 May;175(9):1548-1566
rat primary chondrocytes
50 μM
24 h
To assess the inhibitory effect of Aucubin on IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, results showed Aucubin significantly reduced apoptosis rate.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019 Oct 9;13:3529-3538
rat primary chondrocytes
1, 10, 20, 50 μM
24 and 48 h
To evaluate the protective effect of Aucubin on IL-1β-induced cytotoxicity in chondrocytes, results showed Aucubin significantly reversed IL-1β-induced cytotoxicity.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019 Oct 9;13:3529-3538
PC12 cells
10 µM, 500 µM, 5 mM
24 h
To evaluate the effect of AU on gene expression in PC12 cells, results showed significant downregulation of CXCL10 and BTN3A2 expression
Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 23;14:1007624
HFLS cells
16 µM
24 h
To evaluate the effect of AU on gene expression in HFLS cells, results showed no significant changes in the expression levels of the six diagnostic markers, but significant downregulation of bIII-tubulin gene expression
Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 23;14:1007624
PC12 cells
0-5 mM
24 h
To evaluate the effect of AU on cell proliferation ability, results showed AU significantly increased the proliferation of PC12 cells
Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 23;14:1007624
su5416-injured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
5–20 μM
48 h
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on the proliferation of su5416-injured HUVECs, results showed that 5–20 μM aucubin significantly increased the cell viability of su5416-injured HUVECs.
Chin Med. 2023 Aug 29;18(1):108
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
6.25–100 μM
48 h
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on the proliferation of HUVECs, results showed that 25–100 μM aucubin increased the cell viability of HUVECs.
Chin Med. 2023 Aug 29;18(1):108
Aucubin/桃叶珊瑚苷 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6 mice
Weight-drop induced traumatic brain injury model
Intraperitoneal injection
20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg
Administered at 30 min, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-injury
To evaluate the protective effects of Aucubin on traumatic brain injury. Results showed that Aucubin significantly attenuated brain edema, histological damages, and improved neurological and cognitive deficits. Additionally, Aucubin significantly suppressed HMGB1-mediated aseptic inflammation. Nrf2 knockdown blunted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects of Aucubin.
J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Jun 15;17(1):188
C57BL/6 male mice
Destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model
Oral gavage
50 mg/kg
Once daily for 8 weeks
To evaluate the protective effect of Aucubin on OA progression in DMM mouse model, results showed Aucubin significantly attenuated proteoglycan loss and cartilage erosion.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019 Oct 9;13:3529-3538
Gerbils
Forebrain ischemia-reperfusion injury (fIRI) model
Intraperitoneal injection
1, 5, and 10 mg/kg
Once daily for seven days
To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Aucubin against forebrain ischemia-reperfusion injury. Results showed that pretreatment with 10 mg/kg of Aucubin significantly improved short-term memory function and protected hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 May 11;12(5):1082
Transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes)
RANKL-induced osteoporosis model
Immersion
25 and 50 μM
Once daily for 5 days
To evaluate the effect of Aucubin on RANKL-induced osteoporosis in medaka, results showed that 25 and 50 μM aucubin reduced the resorption of the mineralized bone matrix and centra degradation.
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