To evaluate the effect of ASP on GLP-1 secretion, results showed that ASP did not directly stimulate GLP-1 secretion.
iScience. 2020 Sep 2;23(9):101522.
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs)
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs)
5 days
To evaluate the effect of ASP on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Results showed that ASP dose-dependently reduced the number and size of osteoclasts.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Aug 20;15(8):1027.
HRVEC cells
HRVEC cells
1 h
To assess the effect of ASPA on LPS-induced changes in cell connectivity proteins in HRVECs. ASPA reversed the LPS-induced downregulation of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Jan 7;11:1524779.
ARPE-19 cells
ARPE-19 cells
1 h
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of ASPA on LPS-induced inflammation in RPE cells. ASPA significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of ICAM-1, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α induced by LPS.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Jan 7;11:1524779.
RAW 264.7 macrophages
RAW 264.7 macrophages
1 h
Significantly reduced levels of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6, inhibited iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression, exerted anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Jul 12;19(7):2027.
Asperuloside/车叶草苷 动物实验
Species
Animal Model
Administration
Dosage
Frequency
Description
References
C57BL/6J mice
High-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes model
Oral
0.25% w/w
12 weeks
To evaluate the effect of ASP on obesity and type 2 diabetes, results showed that ASP improved obesity and type 2 diabetes by modulating gut microbiota and metabolic signaling.
iScience. 2020 Sep 2;23(9):101522.
Sprague-Dawley rats
Ligature-induced peri-implantitis model
Intraperitoneal injection
20 and 40 mg/kg
Every second day for a total of 14 injections
To evaluate the effect of ASP on preventing peri-implantitis. Results showed that ASP delayed the onset time, reduced the morbidity, and decreased alveolar bone resorption around the implant.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Aug 20;15(8):1027.
Mice
High-fat diet-induced obesity model
Oral
3 mg/day
Once daily for 12 weeks
To investigate the effects of Asperuloside on body weight, food intake, fat content, blood glucose, and insulin levels in high-fat diet-fed mice. Results showed that Asperuloside significantly reduced body weight (-10.5%) and food intake (-12.8%) in HFD-fed mice, decreased visceral fat mass (-35%), and lowered fasting blood glucose (-16%) and plasma insulin levels (-29%).
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Apr 13;12:615446
Sprague Dawley rats
Cadmium-induced nephrocardiac toxicity model
Oral gavage
50 mg/kg
Once daily for 5 weeks
To investigate the protective effects of asperuloside (ASP) against cadmium-induced nephrocardiac toxicity. The results showed that ASP significantly decreased Cd-instigated oxidative stress, serum BUN, Scr, AST, CK-MB, TnT and LDH levels, as well as histopathological alterations. Furthermore, ASP notably attenuated Cd-induced cardiorenal apoptosis and fibrosis by reducing caspase 3 and TGF-β levels, decreasing the stain intensity of α-SMA and collagen IV, while increasing Bcl2 intensity.
Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 7;13(1):5698
Sprague Dawley rats
Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) model
Intravitreal injection
500 ng/eye
Single injection, lasting 24 hours
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of ASPA in EIU rats. ASPA significantly alleviated clinical symptoms of EIU, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and decreased the expression of inflammatory mediators (ICAM-1, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α).
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