ONO-2506 is an astrocyte-modulating agent that suppresses astrocyte activation via inhibiting the synthesis of S-100β and thereby delaying the expansion of cerebral infarcts. It exhibits therapeutic potential for stroke and Alzheimer’s disease[1]. ONO-2506 at concentrations between 30 to 300mmol/L significantly inhibited the mRNA expression and decreased the intracellular levels of S-100β. Repeated intravenous injection with ONO-2506 (50mg/kg) for 4 weeks induced inflammatory responses at the injection site and transient ataxic gait in both rats and dogs[3]. In a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease, treatment with ONO-2506 (30mg/kg, i.p.) at 1min, 6h, 24h, 48h, and 72h after the last MPTP injection prevented dopamine depletion and the appearance of motor abnormalities in behavioral tests. Compared to mice injected with MPTP alone, ONO-2506 administration increased tyrosine hydroxylase-containing dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (87% reduction vs. 56% reduction). ONO-2506 treatment also induced an earlier appearance of reactive astrocytes by three days and suppressed the expression of S-100β in MPTP-injected mice[4].
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