4-Hydroxyisoleucine

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Chemical Structure| 781658-23-9 同义名 : 4-Hydroxy-L-isoleucine
CAS号 : 781658-23-9
货号 : A562212
分子式 : C6H13NO3
纯度 : 95%
分子量 : 147.17
MDL号 : MFCD06799350
存储条件：

Pure form Keep in dark place, inert atmosphere, 2-8°C

In solvent -20°C:3-6个月-80°C:12个月
溶解度 :

H2O: 100 mg/mL(679.48 mM)，配合低频超声助溶
生物活性
描述 L-4-Hydroxyisoleucine (4-HIL) is a new type of insulin secretion enhancer and can be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. L-4-hydroxyisoleucine is a non-protein amino acid in fenugreek. This amino acid mainly exists in fenugreek seeds, accounting for about 80% of the total free amino acids in the seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (4-HIL) exhibits a unique glucose-dependent insulinotropic activity and is a promising candidate for the treatment of diabetes. Six genes involved in oxaloacetate and α-ketoglutarate branches were overexpressed or deleted, which increased the production of 4-HIL to 5.12 g/L but a considerable amount of L-isoleucine still accumulated in the culture[3]. 4-HIL significantly repressed the mRNA and protein levels of iRhom2 and TACE in RAW264.7 macrophages after LPS stimulated. Meanwhile, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6, were substantially suppressed by 4-HIL in the co-culture system[4]. 4-HIL directly or indirectly reversed TNF-α reduced glycogen levels by inhibiting JNK and IRS-1 (Ser(307)) phosphorylation and increasing AKT (Ser(473)) and GSK-3 phosphorylation[5].
实验方案
1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

6.79mL

1.36mL

0.68mL

33.97mL

6.79mL

3.40mL

67.95mL

13.59mL

6.79mL
参考文献

[1]Fuller S, Stephens JM. Diosgenin, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, and fiber from fenugreek: mechanisms of actions and potential effects on metabolic syndrome. Adv Nutr. 2015 Mar 13;6(2):189-97.

[2]Smirnov SV, Sokolov PM, et al. A novel l-isoleucine-4'-dioxygenase and l-isoleucine dihydroxylation cascade in Pantoea ananatis. Microbiologyopen. 2013 Jun;2(3):471-81.

[3]Avalos-Soriano A, De la Cruz-Cordero R, Rosado JL, Garcia-Gasca T. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): Effects on Insulin Resistance Associated with Obesity. Molecules. 2016 Nov 22;21(11):1596

[4]Zhou C, Chen R, Gao F, Zhang J, Lu F. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine relieves inflammation through iRhom2-dependent pathway in co-cultured macrophages and adipocytes with LPS stimulation. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Dec 9;20(1):373

[5]Lu F, Cai Q, Zafar MI, Cai L, Du W, Jian L, Li L, Gao F. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine improves hepatic insulin resistance by restoring glycogen synthesis in vitro. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Jun 15;8(6):8626-33