Pyridoxine, 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, can be converted to pyridoxal 5-phosphate in body. It is used as a vitamin B6 dietary supplement.

Menadiol Diacetate is namely vitamin K4 which is a synthesized vitamin and mainly used for vitamin deficiency.

L-Gulono-1,4-lactone is a substrate of L-gulono-1,4-lactone oxidoreductase, which catalyzes the last step of the biosynthesis of L-ascorbic (Vatamin) C. In other words, L-Gulono-1,4-lactone is a direct precursor of vitamin C in animals, in plants and in some protists.

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of cells as it is a cofactor in DNA synthesis.

D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt, a kind of water soluble vitamin, is a water-soluble vitamin and an essential nutrient for many animals.

NADH Disodium is a coenzyme that functions as a regenerating electron donor in catabolic processes including glycolysis, β-oxidation and the citric acid cycle.

Pyridoxal hydrochloride is an endogenous metabolite.

Thiamine pyrophosphate is a derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) and a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.

Riboflavin is an easily absorbed micronutrient with a key role in maintaining health in humans and other animals.

Choline bitartrate is a form of the nutrient choline which is found in foods. Choline is necessary for normal liver and kidney function and a component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, a chemical that facilitates communication between the nerves and muscles.

(±)-α-Tocopherol is a biologically active form of vitamin E, which is a lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects cellular membranes from oxidative damage. It is one of the components in MF59 and AS03 adjuvant.

Methylcobalamin is a form of vitamin B12, used to prevent or treat pathology arising from a lack of vitamin B12 intake.

Menadione, a synthetic naphthoquinone, can be converted to active vitamin K2 in vivo.

Coenzyme Q10 is a component of the electron transport chain and participates in aerobic cellular respiration.