Vitamin A is an effective antioxidant that displays lipoperoxy radical scavenging activity and fluorescent properties. It's a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR).
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Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Vitamin A (retinol) is ingested as either retinyl esters or carotenoids and metabolized to active compounds such as 11-cis-retinal, which is important for vision, and all-trans-retinoic acid, which is the primary mediator of biological actions of vitamin A. All-trans-retinoic acid binds to retinoic acid receptors (RARs), which heterodimerize with retinoid X receptors. RAR-retinoid X receptor heterodimers function as transcription factors, binding RAR-responsive elements in promoters of different genes. Vitamin A can not only stimulate the formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts but also inhibit their formation[3]. NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) leads to cell type-specific rearrangements in retinol metabolism leading to vitamin A accumulation in hepatocytes[4]. Indeed, rats fed a vitamin A-free diet for 10 weeks exhibited decreased expression of RAR, RXR, TR, RC3, and GAP43 in the striatum. The administration of T3 to these vitamin A-deprived rats reversed the reduction in mRNA levels of RA and T3 nuclear receptors and in mRNA and protein levels of target genes in this region[5]. In addition to the importance of the vitamin for the lung function, vitamin-A is also responsible for the development of many tissues and cells as well as for the embryonic lung development[6].
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