The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is a family of proteins that is implicated in many vital cellular functions such as stem cell regeneration and organogenesis[3]. PNU-74654 is an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway with an IC50 of 129.8 μM in NCI-H295 cell. In NCI-H295 cells,PNU-74654 significantly decreases cell proliferation 96 h after treatment, increases early and late apoptosis, decreases nuclear beta-catenin accumulation, impairs CTNNB1/beta-catenin expression and increases beta-catenin target genes 48 h after treatment.In NCI-H295 cells, PNU-74654 decreases cortisol, testosterone and androstenedione secretion 24 and 48 h after treatment. The SF1 and CYP21A2 mRNA expression as well as the protein levels of STAR and aldosterone synthase are decreased in NCI-H295 cells after 48 h PNU-74654 treatment. In Y1 cells, PNU-74654 impairs corticosterone secretion 24 h after treatment but does not decrease cell viability[4]. PNU-74654 binds to β-catenin with a KD of 450 nM. The Tcf3/Tcf4-binding surface on β-catenin contains a well-defined hot spot around residues K435 and R469[5].PNU-74654 suppressed cell growth at an IC 50 of 122 ± 0.4 μmol/L and synergistically enhanced the antiproliferative activity of gemcitabine by modulating the Wnt pathway. Using a 3D cell culture model, we found that the PNU-74654 caused tumor shrinkage. It reduced the migration of MCF-7 cells (by an 18% reduction in invasive behavior) after the treatment with PNU-74654 through perturbation of E-cadherin and MMP3/9. PNU-74654/5-FU combination enhanced the percentages of cells in S-phase and significantly increased apoptosis. Moreover, this agent was able to inhibit the growth of tumor in a xenograft model, although this effect was more pronounced in the animals treated with PNU-74654 plus 5-FU[6].
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