Nefiracetam enhances neuronal systems related to GABAergic, cholinergic, and monoaminergic pathways and is used to manage Ro 5-4864-induced convulsions. It targets the GABA Receptor. At submicromolar concentrations (0.01-0.1 μM), Nefiracetam leads to a short-term reduction of ACh-evoked currents, decreasing them to 30% and 38% of the baseline after a 10-minute exposure, respectively. At higher micromolar concentrations (1-10 μM), it causes a long-term enhancement of these currents. This interaction with PKA and PKC pathways might explain the cellular mechanisms underlying the cognitive enhancement provided by Nefiracetam[1]. Orally administered, Nefiracetam prevents Ro 5-4864-induced convulsions in EL and DDY mice, particularly at doses exceeding 10 mg/kg[2]. Administering Nefiracetam 1 hour prior to each training session on a daily basis enhances the learning of the avoidance behavior [3].
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