Licochalcone A (LA) is a flavonoid extracted from licorice root and has antiparasitic and anti-tumor activities[3]. Treatment with LA at 6.25 or 12.5 μM for 24 h down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 with concomitant enhancement of the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and dose-dependently induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells[4]. BGC cells exposed to LA (100 μM) for 2 or 4 h showed significantly increased intracellular ROS in a concentration-dependent manner, activated ERK, JNK, and p38 but suppressed PI3K and AKT, compared with the control group[3]. Licochalcone A showed effects against all gram-positive bacteria tested and was especially effective against Bacillus cereus IFO 3514, Bacillus coagulans IFO 12583, Bacillus subtilis IFO 3007 and Bacillus stearothermophilus IFO 12550, with MICs of 2 to 3 μg/mL, but was not effective against gram-negative bacteria or eukaryotes at 50 μg/mL[5].
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