Laquinimod is a potent immunomodulator which prevents neurodegeneration and inflammation in the central nervous system. In vivo laquinimod treatment inhibited donor myelin-specific T cells from transferring EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) to naive recipient mice. In vivo laquinimod treatment altered subpopulations of myeloid antigen presenting cells (APC) that included a decrease in CD11c(+)CD11b(+)CD4(+) dendritic cells (DC) and an elevation of CD11b(hi)Gr1(hi) monocytes[3]. Topical administration of laquinimod to the injured corneas dramatically inhibited alkali-induced corneal neovascularization and decreased inflammatory cell (such as macrophage) infiltration in a corneal injury mouse model. Laquinimod significantly downregulated the expression of chemokines (monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1), pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase-recruitment domain adaptor protein in both injured corneas and RAW cells. In vitro, laquinimod also dramatically inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells[4]. Laquinimod had a significant protective impact against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity. Laquinimod prevented MPP+-induced reduction of cell proliferation, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and apoptosis[5]. Laquinimod protects against glutamate excitotoxicity of the cerebellum of EAE mice by bursting the expression of glial glutamate transporters, independently of its anti-inflammatory effects[6].
Terminated(Sponsor terminated ... 展开 >>RRMS studies as sufficient long term clinical data was collected for the study drug in the relevant dose.) 收起 <<
Terminated(Sponsor terminated ... 展开 >>RRMS studies as sufficient long term clinical data was collected for the study drug in the relevant dose.) 收起 <<
United States, Alabama
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Teva Investigational Site 1363
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
United States, California
Teva Investigational Site 1359
Los Angeles, California, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1352
San Francisco, California, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1365
San Leandro, California, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1368
West Hollywood, California, United States
United States, Illinois
Teva Investigational Site 1367
Chicago, Illinois, United States
United States, Maryland
Teva Investigational Site 1370
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1362
Cumberland, Maryland, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1360
Hagerstown, Maryland, United States
United States, New York
Teva Investigational Site 1369
Bronx, New York, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1353
Manhasset, New York, United States
Teva Investigational Site 1355
New York, New York, United States
United States, North Carolina
Teva Investigational Site 1356
Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
United States, Ohio
Teva Investigational Site 1354
Columbus, Ohio, United States
United States, South Carolina
Teva Investigational Site 1366
Charleston, South Carolina, United States
Canada, Alberta
Teva Investigational Site 1139
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Canada, Ontario
Teva Investigational Site 1136
London, Ontario, Canada
Teva Investigational Site 1137
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Canada, Quebec
Teva Investigational Site 1142
Montreal, Quebec, Canada 收起 <<
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