GSK2837808A is a potent and selective LDHA and LDHB inhibitor with IC50 values of 2.6nM and 43nM for LDHA and LDHB, respectively. It reduces glucose uptake and enhances mitochondrial oxygen consumption in Snu398 hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an essential metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate using NADH/NAD(+) as a co-substrate[2]. Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is a critical metabolic enzyme belonging to a family of 2-hydroxy acid oxidoreductases that plays a key role in anaerobic metabolism in the cells. In hypoxia condition, the overexpression of LDHA shifts the metabolic pathway of ATP synthesis from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and the hypoxia condition is a common phenomenon occurred in the microenvironment of tumor cells[3]. GSK2837808A is a potent and selective inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) (IC50s: 1.9 and 14 nM for LDHA and LDHB, respectively). GSK2837808A inhibits lactate production in hypoxia but at higher concentrations than in normoxia (EC50=10 μM). It also reduces ECAR (EC50=10 μM). LDH inhibition by GSK2837808A alters multiple metabolic pathways in Snu398 cells. GSK2837808A rapidly and profoundly inhibits lactate production rates in multiple cancer cell lines including hepatocellular and breast carcinomas. GSK2837808A potency does not correlate with LDHA, LDHB, or the total LDH expression levels. The potency of GSK2837808A across 30 cancer cell lines with different LDHA and LDHB expression levels range from 400 nM to no effect (EC50 reported as 30 μM). GSK2837808A (p.o.; 50 mg/kg in rats; 100 mg/kg in mice) treatment, causes blood compound levels at or below the detection limit of 2.5 ng/mL. Clearance following IV infusion of GSK2837808A at 0.25 mg/kg is displayed to be 69 mL/minute/kg in rats and it exceeds the animal liver blood flow[4].
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