Choline bitartrate is a form of the nutrient choline which is found in foods. Choline is necessary for normal liver and kidney function and a component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, a chemical that facilitates communication between the nerves and muscles.
Choline bitartrate is a vitamin-like essential nutrient, can affect diseases such as liver disease, atherosclerosis and neurological disorders[3]. Choline influences liver function, and the dietary requirement for this nutrient varies depending on an individual's genotype and estrogen status[4]. Choline bitartrate is a precursor for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism[5]. Choline supplementation boosts memory performance and learning[6]. Choline bitartrate (oral gavage; 300 mg/kg vs. 5 g/kg) provokes robust ketosis and weight loss in mice, also causes significant hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and cellular injury. when Choline is repleted, moderate ketosis and hepatic fat accumulation can be attenuated[7].
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