Bruceine D, a natural product isolated and purified from the barks of Ailanthus altissima, may have the potential to be used as a natural viricide, or a lead compound for viricides, inhibits the growth of three pancreatic cancer cell lines, i.e., PANC-1, SW1990 and CAPAN-1, and induces cytotoxicity in Capan-2 cells via the induction of cellular apoptosis involving the mitochondrial pathway.
Bruceine D is an effective botanical insect antifeedant with outstanding systemic properties, causing potent pest growth inhibitory activity[3]. Bruceine D is a Notch inhibitor with anti-cancer activity and induces apoptosis in several human cancer cells. BD significantly inhibited liver tumor growth and enhanced the therapeutic effects of sorafenib in various murine HCC (Hepatocellular carcinoma) models[4]. Bruceine D exhibited potent cytotoxicity to K562 cells with IC50 of 6.37 ± 0.39 μM. In addition, bruceine D inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK. It's indicative that the potent anticancer activity of bruceine D be related to MAPK and PI3K pathways[5]. Bruceine D markedly inhibited the proliferation of wild‑type NSCLC (non‑small‑cell lung cancer) cells and epidermal growth factor receptor‑mutant cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, and significantly decreased the colony‑forming ability and migration of A549 cells[6].
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