Amodiaquin Dihydrochloride Dihydrate is a 4-aminoquinoline class of antimalarial agent, is a potent and orally active histamine N-methyltransferase inhibitor[3]. Amodiaquine (10-20 μM; 4 hours) treatment suppresses LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β,interleukin-6,TNF-α and iNOS) in a dose-dependent manner. Amodiaquine (5 μM; 24 hours) significantly inhibits neurotoxin (6-OHDA)-induced cell death in primary dopamine cells as examined by the number of TH+ neurons and dopamine uptake. The neuroprotective effect of Amodiaquine is also observed in rat PC12 cells[4]. Amodiaquine (40 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; daily; for 3 days; male ICR mice) treatment diminishes perihematomal activation of microglia/macrophages and astrocytes. Amodiaquine also suppresses ICH-induced mRNA expression of IL-1β, CCL2 and CXCL2, and ameliorated motor dysfunction of mice[5].The administration of amodiaquine (2 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, s.c.) partially improved the survival rate of the C57BL/6 mice, Amodiaquine (2 mg/kg) decreased the LPS-induced increase in serum ALT levels at 6 h and AST levels at 6 h, whereas amodiaquine (5 mg/kg) decreased the LPS-induced increase in serum ALT levels at 3 h and 6 h and AST levels at 6 h. Amodiaquine dose-dependently lowered TNF-α levels in comparison to the saline treated mice, and abolished the increase in TNF-α mRNA in liver of P. acnes-primed and LPS-treated mice[6].
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