RTA-408 is a synthetic triterpenoid that potently activates the antioxidative transcription factor Nrf2 by binding KEAP1 and inhibits the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.

Oxysophocarpine, a natural product isolated and purified from the root of Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott., can decrease the level of serum transaminase, improve lipid metabolism, reduce synthesis of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IL-6, activate protective adipocytokine adiponectin, and may be a drug for colonic inflammation and NASH.

ML-385 is a selective inhibitor of NRF2 via binding to Neh1 DNA binding domain with IC50 of 1.9 µM.

(+)-Corynoline is an AChE inhibitor isolated from Corydalis incisa.

4-Octyl itaconate is the endogenous metabolite of itaconate with anti-inflammatory activity. It can decrease cytokine production and protect against lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality in vivo.

(R)-Sulforaphane, a natural product isolated and purified from brocoli, is a promising potential chemopreventitive agent in bladder cancer.

RA-839 is a noncovalent small molecule binder to Keap1 and selective activator of Nrf2 signaling. RA-839 also suppresses LPS-induced iNOS and nitric oxide expression in macrophages.