Benzamil hydrochloride is a specific blocker of sodium channel (ENaC).

CGP37157 is a potent, selective inhibitor of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, inhibiting the Na+-induced Ca2+-release from guinea-pig heart mitochondria, with an IC50 of 0.8 μM.

SEA0400 is a selective inhibitor of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger with IC50 of 5-33 nM (inhibiting Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in cultured neurons, astrocytes, and microglia).

Caldaret is an intracellular Ca2+ handling modulator that acts through reverse mode Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibition.

KB-R7943 Mesylate is a potent and selective inhibitor used to reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger with IC50 value of 0.7 μM. It also inhibits the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter with IC50 value of 5.5 μM.

SN6 is a selective inhibitor used to reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger with IC50 value of 2.9, 16 and 8.6 μM for inhibition of intracellular Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake by cells expressing NCX1, NCX2 and NCX3 respectively.

PPADS tetrasodiuma is a non-selective antagonist of P2X receptor. It blocks recombinant P2X1, -2, -3, -5 with IC50s ranging from 1 to 2.6 μM.