7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin is a natural product isolated and purified from an endophytic Xylaria fungal species and exhibited strong antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro against Aspergillus, Candida, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Salmonella and Vibrio species, among others. It is also a reagent employed in the preparation of fluorogenic AMC-based substrates for the detection of proteolytic enzyme activity. AMC has been utilized as a fluorescent probe to analyze glycoproteins' monosaccharides and N-linked oligosaccharides via chromatography and has been used as a laser dye.

Oxiracetam is a nootropic drug of the racetam family and very mild stimulant.

4-Hydroxycoumarin, a coumarin derivative, is one of the most versatile heterocyclic scaffolds and is frequently applied in the synthesis of various organic compounds. 4-Hydroxycoumarin possesses both electrophilic and nucleophilic properties. 4-Hydroxycoumarin derivatives are employed as the anticoagulant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor, antiprotozoal, insecticidal, antimycobacterial, antimutagenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agents, HIV protease inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

7-Methoxycoumarin, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis, has potent antioxidant effect, strong hepatoprotective activity, and weak estrogenic activity.

4-Methylumbelliferone, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Ruta graveolens L., is a hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.4 mM.

Piroctone olamine is a pyridine derivate. It is known to have a fungicidal effect.

α-Pyridone is an endogenous metabolite.