Pinoresinol, a natural product isolated and purified from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, may exert pharmacologically interesting effects via modulation of the insulin-like signalling pathway in C.

Pinoresinol diglucoside is one of the major lignans with various pharmacological activities which could be isolated from Duzhong and other plant species.

Pinoresinol diacetate, a natural product isolated and purified from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, inhibits the enzyme α-glucosidase in vitro and may therefore act as a hypoglycemic agent.

(-)-Pinoresinol, a natural product isolated and purified from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides.

erythro-Guaiacylglycerol is a natural product isolated and purified from the barks of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.

threo-Guaiacylglycerol is a natural product isolated and purified from the barks of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.

Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol is a natural product isolated and purified from Abies recurvata.