Isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside and persicarin have an effect on down-regulation of endothelial protein C receptor.

Meranzin, a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Angelica biserrata, produces a rapid effect mediated by AMPA receptors and involving BDNF modulation through the ERK1/2 pathway. Meranzin can also induce similar effect to Fructus Aurantii on intestinal motility and it was, at least in part, mediated by stimulation of H1 histamine receptors, and exhibits antidepressive and prokinetic-like effects through the regulation of the common mediator, the alpha 2-adrenoceptor , and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors.

Alpinumisoflavone, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Genista pichisermolliana with athereprotective and estrogenic properties, induces cell death via repressing both the ERK/MAPK and NF-κB pathways.

Sakakin, a natural product isolated and purified from the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn, can improve depressive behaviour in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats by downregulating HPA axis hyperactivity and increasing BDNF expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus.

delta-Tocotrienol, a natural product isolated and purified from palm oil, has superior bioavailability compared to existing Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction in healthy human subjects.

AG 126 selectively inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2 at 25-50 μM.

CC-90003 is an irreversible inhibitor of ERK 1/2 with antitumor activity.

X-GAL is an organic compound consisting of galactose linked to a substituted indole and is much used in molecular biology to test for the presence of an enzyme, β-galactosidase.

APS-2-79 is an antagonist of MEK phosphorylation by RAF through direct binding of the KSR active site.

SCH772984 is a specific inhibitor of ERK1/2 with IC50 of 4 nM and 1 nM, respectively.

Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium can suppress ERK via PKCα-mediated MKP-1 induction, thus inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells.

GDC-0994 is highly selective for ERK1 and ERK2, with IC50 of 1.1 nM and 0.3 nM, respectively.

AX 15836 is a potent and selective ERK5 inhibitor with IC50 of 8 nM.

β-Elemene is a natural sesquiterpene found in various plants and imparts floral aromas to some plants. This compound has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of a wide range of tumors.