Choline bitartrate is a form of the nutrient choline which is found in foods. Choline is necessary for normal liver and kidney function and a component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, a chemical that facilitates communication between the nerves and muscles.

Coenzyme Q10 is a component of the electron transport chain and participates in aerobic cellular respiration.

NADP sodium is a coenzyme that is widely distributed in living matter which participates in oxidation-reduction reactions.

NAD+ is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.

β-Carotene is a naturally occuring retinol (vitamin A) precursor found in plants and fruits, used to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria.

Choline Chloride is a precursor of acetylcholine, a basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs.

Riboflavin Phosphate Sodium is a nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables.

NADPH Tetrasodium salt is a ubiquitous cofactor and biological reducing agent that acts as an electron donor in many biological reactions.

Bexarotene is a selective agonist of RXRβ (IC50 = 24 nM), RXRγ (IC50 = 25 nM) and RXRα (IC50 = 33 nM) with antineoplastic activity.

Troloxa is a water soluble analogue of vitamin E with effective antioxidant activity and can inhibit IL-1 induced osteoclast bone loss.

Leucovorin calcium is a reduced form of folic acid.

HP-β-CD is used to improve the solubility of lipophilic drugs. It is also an inhibitor of amyloid-β aggregation and Aβ-induced toxicity.

Vitamin K1 a fat-soluble, naturally occurring vitamin required for blood coagulation and bone and vascular metabolism.

Isotretinoin, an analogue of retinoic acid, is an agonist of retinoic acid receptors that is used for the treatment of severe acne.

Acetyl-L-carnitine facilitates the uptake of acetyl CoA into mitochondria during fatty acid oxidation, enhances acetylcholine production, and stimulates protein and membrane phospholipid synthesis. 

β-Cyclodextrin is a cyclic polysaccharide composed of seven units of glucose (α-D-glucopyranose) linked by α-(1,4) type bonds. β-Cyclodextrin has often been used to enhance the solubility of drugs. β-Cyclodextrin has anti-influenza virus H1N1 activities.

Ascorbyl Palmitate is an ester formed from ascorbic acid and palmitic acid creating a fat-soluble form of vitamin C, it is also used as an antioxidant food additive.

Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate is an active vitamin B6 metabolite, which is a cofactor in many reactions of amino acid metabolism.